Yiziphi Izinto Ezihlukile Zezibuthe?

I-Magnetism, amandla ayisisekelo emvelo, ibonakala ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, ngayinye inezici zayo ezihlukile futhiizinhlelo zokusebenza ze-magent. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto kazibuthe kubalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-physics, ubunjiniyela, nobuchwepheshe. Ake singene sijule emhlabeni othakazelisayo wezinto zikazibuthe futhi sihlole izici zazo, izigaba, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo okungokoqobo.

1. Izinto ze-Ferromagnetic:

Izinto zokwakha ze-Ferromagnetic zibonisa amandla futhiukuzibuthe unomphela, ngisho nalapho ingekho inkambu kazibuthe yangaphandle. I-ayoni, i-nickel, ne-cobalt yizibonelo zakudala zezinto ze-ferromagnetic. Lezi zinto zinezikhathi zikazibuthe ezizenzakalelayo eziqondana ohlangothini olufanayo, zidale inkambu kazibuthe eqinile iyonke. Izinto zokwakha ze-Ferromagnetic zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezifana namadivayisi wokugcina kazibuthe, amamotho kagesi, nama-transformer ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo eziqinile zikazibuthe.

2. Izinto zeParamagnetic:

Izinto ezisetshenziswa yiParamagnetic zikhangwa kancane kukazibuthe futhi zibonisa ukuzibuthe kwesikhashana lapho zivezwa kulezo zindawo. Ngokungafani nezinto ze-ferromagnetic, izinto ze-paramagnetic aziwugcini uzibuthe uma insimu yangaphandle isusiwe. Izinto ezifana ne-aluminium, iplatinum, nomoya-mpilo ziyi-paramagnetic ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-electron angabhanqiwe, aqondana nenkundla kazibuthe yangaphandle kodwa abuyele kuma-orientation angahleliwe uma insimu isisusiwe. Izinto ezisetshenziswa yiParamagnetic zithola izinhlelo zokusebenza emishinini ye-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), lapho ukusabela kwazo okubuthaka kukazibuthe kunenzuzo.

3. Izinto ze-Diamagnetic:

Izinto ze-diamagnetic, ngokungafani nezinto ze-ferromagnetic kanye ne-paramagnetic, zixoshwa yizinkambu kazibuthe. Lapho zivezwa endaweni kazibuthe, izinto ze-diamagnetic zithuthukisa inkambu kazibuthe ephikisayo ebuthakathaka, okubangela ukuthi zidudulwe kude nomthombo wensimu. Izibonelo ezivamile zezinto ze-diamagnetic zihlanganisa ithusi, i-bismuth, namanzi. Nakuba umphumela we-diamagnetic ubuthakathaka uma uqhathaniswa ne-ferromagnetism kanye ne-paramagnetism, unomthelela obalulekile emikhakheni efana nesayensi yezinto zokwakha kanye nobuchwepheshe be-levitation.

4. Izinto ze-Ferrimagnetic:

Izinto zokwakha ze-Ferrimagnetic zibonisa ukuziphatha kazibuthe okufana nezinto ze-ferromagnetic kodwa ezinezici ezihlukile kazibuthe. Kuzinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-ferrimagnetic, ama-sublattice amabili ezikhathi kazibuthe aqondana ezinhlangothini eziphambene, okuholela kumzuzu ozibuthe wenetha. Lokhu kucushwa kuletha ukudonsa kazibuthe unomphela, nakuba ngokuvamile kuba buthaka kunaleyo yezinto ze-ferromagnetic. Ama-Ferrites, ikilasi lezinto zobumba eziqukethe i-iron oxide compounds, ziyizibonelo eziphawulekayo zezinto ze-ferrimagnetic. Asetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-electronics, ezokuxhumana, nakumadivayisi we-microwave ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo kazibuthe nezikagesi.

5. Izinto ze-Antiferromagnetic:

Izinto ze-Antiferromagnetic zibonisa ukuhleleka kazibuthe lapho izikhathi zikazibuthe eziseduze ziqondana ne-antiparallel, okuholela ekukhanselweni kwesikhathi sonke sikazibuthe. Ngenxa yalokho, izinto ze-antiferromagnetic ngokuvamile azibonisi i-macroscopic magnetization. I-Manganese oxide ne-chromium yizibonelo zezinto ze-antiferromagnetic. Nakuba bengase bangatholi ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kubuchwepheshe kazibuthe, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-antiferromagnetic zidlala indima ebalulekile ocwaningweni oluyisisekelo nasekuthuthukisweni kwe-spintronics, igatsha le-electronics elisizakala ngokuzungeza ama-electron.