Amandla Kazibuthe Akalwa Kanjani?

Omazibuthe bebelokhu beyizinto ezihehayo amakhulu eminyaka, bakhanga ososayensi nabashisekayo ngekhono labo elingaqondakali lokuheha izinto ezithile. Kusukela ezinalithini zekhampasi eziqondisa abahloli bamazwe basendulo kuya ezindleleni eziyinkimbinkimbi zobuchwepheshe besimanje, ozibuthe badlala indima ebalulekile ezicini ezihlukahlukene zokuphila kwethu. Kodwa siwabala kanjani amandla alezi zintoizinkundla kazibuthe? Silinganisa kanjani amandla kazibuthe? Ake sihlole izindlela namathuluzi asetshenziswa ukulinganisa amandla kazibuthe.

Amandla Ensimu Yamagnetic

Amandla kazibuthe anqunywa ngokuyisisekelo insimu yawo kazibuthe, indawo ezungeze uzibuthe lapho ithonya layo lizwakala khona. Le nsimu imelelwa imigqa yamandla, esuka esigxotsheni sikazibuthe esisenyakatho siye esigxotsheni sayo esiseningizimu. Uma kukhulu ukuminyana kwale migqa, amandla kazibuthe anamandla.

I-Gauss ne-Tesla: Amayunithi Wokulinganisa

Ukuze balinganise amandla okusebenza kazibuthe, ososayensi basebenzisa amayunithi amabili okulinganisa ayinhloko: i-Gauss ne-Tesla.

U-Gauss (G): Iqanjwe ngesazi sezibalo saseJalimane nesazi sefiziksi u-Carl Friedrich Gauss, le yunithi ikala ukuminyana kazibuthe noma ukungeniswa kukazibuthe. I-Gauss eyodwa ilingana no-Maxwell oyedwa ngesentimitha yesikwele. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane be-Gauss, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zanamuhla, ososayensi bavame ukusebenzisa i-Tesla ukuze bathole izinkambu ezinamandla kazibuthe.

I-Tesla (T): Iqanjwe ngokuhlonishwa komsunguli wase-Serbian-American kanye nonjiniyela kagesi u-Nikola Tesla, le yunithi imele ukuminyana kazibuthe okukhudlwana uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Gauss. I-Tesla eyodwa ilingana ne-10,000 Gauss, okuyenza ibe iyunithi esebenza kakhulu yokulinganisa izinkambu kazibuthe ezinamandla, njengalezo ezikhiqizwe ngozibuthe abanamandla abasetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwesayensi noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni.

Ama-magnetometers

Ama-Magnetometer angamathuluzi aklanyelwe ukukala amandla nesiqondiso sezindawo kazibuthe. Le mishini iza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, kusukela kumakhampasi alula aphathwa ngesandla kuya emishinini yaselabhorethri eyinkimbinkimbi. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezivamile zama-magnetometer asetshenziselwa ukukala amandla kazibuthe:

1. Fluxgate Magnetometers: Lawa ma-magnetometers asebenzisa izimiso zokungeniswa kuka-electromagnetic ukukala izinguquko ezindaweni kazibuthe. Aqukethe i-core magnetic eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ezungezwe amakhoyili ocingo. Uma evezwe endaweni kazibuthe, ama-cores asebenza uzibuthe, okwenza isignali kagesi kumakhoyili, engalinganiswa futhi ilinganiswe ukuze kutholwe amandla enkundla kazibuthe.

2. I-Hall Effect Magnetometers: Ama-magnetometers omphumela wehholo ancike kumphumela weHholo, ochaza ukukhiqizwa komehluko we-voltage (I-voltage yasehholo) ku-conductor kagesi uma engaphansi kwenkundla kazibuthe eqondana nokugeleza kwamanje. Ngokulinganisa le voltage, i-Hall effect magnetometers ingakwazi ukunquma amandla enkundla kazibuthe.

3. SQUID Magnetometers: Ama-magnetometer we-Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) aphakathi kwama-magnetometer azwela kakhulu atholakalayo. Zisebenza ngokusekelwe kuzakhiwo ze-quantum zama-superconductors, ezivumela ukuba zibone izizibuthe ezibuthakathaka kakhulu, kuze kufike ezingeni le-femtoteslas (10 ^ -15 Tesla).

Ukulinganisa kanye nokulinganisa

Ukuqinisekisa izilinganiso ezinembile, ama-magnetometers kufanele alinganiswe kahle futhi afane. Ukulinganisa kuhilela ukuqhathanisa okukhiphayo kwe-magnetometer namandla awaziwayo wenkundla kazibuthe ukuze kusungulwe ubudlelwano bomugqa phakathi kokufundwa kwethuluzi kanye namanani wangempela wamandla kazibuthe. Ukulinganisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi izilinganiso ezithathwe ngama-magnetometer ahlukene ziyahambisana futhi ziyaqhathaniswa.

Izicelo zeMagnetometry

Ikhono lokulinganisa amandla kazibuthe ngokunembile linezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene:

I-Geophysics: Ama-magnetometer asetshenziselwa ukutadisha inkambu kazibuthe Yomhlaba, ehlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesakhiwo nokwakheka kwendawo yangaphakathi yeplanethi.

Ukuzulazula: Amakhampasi, uhlobo lwe-magnetometer, bekungamathuluzi abalulekile okuzulazula kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, esiza amatilosi nabahloli bamazwe ukuthi bathole indlela yabo yonkana olwandle olukhulu.

Isayensi Yezinto Zokusebenza: I-Magnetometry isetshenziselwa ukulinganisaizinto kazibuthefuthi itadishe izakhiwo zazo, ezibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe obufana nemishini yokugcina kazibuthe nemishini ye-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Ukuhlola Umkhathi: Ama-magnetometer asetshenziswa emkhathini ukuze kufundwe amandla kazibuthe ezinto ezisemkhathini, okuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ngokwakheka kwazo nomlando wokuma komhlaba.

Isiphetho

Isilinganiso samandla kazibuthe sibalulekile ekuqondeni ukuziphatha kozibuthe nokusetshenziswa kwabo emikhakheni eyahlukene. Ngamayunithi afana ne-Gauss ne-Tesla namathuluzi afana nama-magnetometers, ososayensi bangakwazi ukulinganisa ngokunembile amandla ezinkambu kazibuthe, bavule indlela yentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuhlola, kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi. Njengoba ukuqonda kwethu kukazibuthe kuqhubeka nokujula, kanjalo nekhono lethu lokusebenzisa amandla awo ukuze kuzuze isintu.