Izinselelo Namathuba Abahlinzeki Bezibuthe Be-Neodymium e-China

I-China iphethe i-global neodymium supply supply chain, ihlinzeka ngezingxenye ezibalulekile ezimbonini ezingenakubalwa ezinjengezezimoto, zikagesi namandla avuselelekayo. Kodwa-ke, nakuba lobu buholi buletha izinzuzo, buphinde buveze izinselelo ezibalulekile kubahlinzeki baseShayina. Kule bhulogi, sihlola izithiyo namathuba abhekene nabahlinzeki bezibuthe be-neodymium baseShayina.

 

1. I-Global Demand and Supply Chain Pressures

 

Izinselele:

Ukwenyuka kwesidingo somhlaba wonke somazibuthe be-neodymium, ikakhulukazi ezimotweni zikagesi (EV) kanye nemikhakha yamandla avuselelekayo, kufake ingcindezi enkulu ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwe-neodymium lwaseChina. Njengoba izimboni zamazwe ngamazwe zifuna abahlinzeki abathembekile, kunesidingo esikhulayo sokuvikela umthombo ozinzile wezinto ezingavamile zomhlaba ezifana ne-neodymium, i-dysprosium ne-praseodymium.

 

Amathuba:

Njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wezakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile, i-China inenzuzo yesu. Imakethe ye-EV ekhulayo kanye nemikhakha yamandla avuselelekayo ihlinzeka abahlinzeki baseShayina ngamathuba abalulekile okuqinisa isikhundla sabo ngokwandisa umkhiqizo ukuze uhlangabezane nesidingo esikhulayo somhlaba wonke.

 

2. Izinkinga Zemvelo Nokusimama

 

Izinselelo:

Ukumbiwa kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile kubalulekile ekwenzeni izibuthe ze-neodymium, kodwa ngokuvamile kuholela ekucekeleni phansi kwemvelo. I-China igxekwe ngomthelela wemvelo wemisebenzi yayo yezimayini eziyivelakancane, okuholela emithethweni eqinile mayelana nezinqubo zezimayini nokukhiqiza. Lezi zinguquko zokulawula zingakhawulela ukuhlinzeka futhi zandise izindleko.

 

Amathuba:

Ukugxila okukhulayo kokusimama kunikeza abahlinzeki baseShayina ithuba lokusungula futhi basebenzise izinqubo eziluhlaza. Ngokutshala kubuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile kanye nemizamo yokuvuselela kabusha, abakwazi nje ukunciphisa ubungozi bemvelo kodwa futhi bathuthukise isithunzi sabo somhlaba wonke. Izinkampani ezizibeka njengabaholi ekucutshungulweni komhlaba ongavamile okusimeme zingathola inzuzo yokuncintisana.

 

3. Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe kanye Nokusungula

 

Izinselelo:

Ukugcina inzuzo yokuncintisana emakethe kazibuthe ye-neodymium, ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka. Ozibuthe bendabuko be-neodymium babhekana nemikhawulo efana nokuba brittleness nokuzwela kwezinga lokushisa. Abahlinzeki kufanele batshale imali ku-R&D ukuze banqobe lezi zinselele zobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi njengoba imboni iphusha omazibuthe abanamandla, abamelana nokushisa.

 

Amathuba:

Ngokukhula kokutshalwa kwezimali ku-R&D, abahlinzeki baseShayina banethuba lokuhola ekushayeleni intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kozibuthe. Ukuqamba okusha okufana nozibuthe be-neodymium abangabambeli ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu nokuqina kukazibuthe okuthuthukisiwe kuvule amathuba amasha, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu efana ne-aerospace, irobhothi, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha. Lokhu kungaholela emikhiqizweni yekhwalithi engcono kanye namamajini enzuzo aphezulu.

 

4. Ukungezwani Kwezombusazwe kanye Nezivimbelo Zohwebo

 

Izinselelo:

Ukungezwani kwezepolitiki, ikakhulukazi phakathi kweChina namanye amazwe omhlaba, kuholele emikhawulweni yokuhweba kanye nentela yezimpahla ezenziwe eChina. Ngenxa yalokhu, amazwe amaningi ahlola izindlela zokunciphisa ukuthembela kwabo kubahlinzeki baseShayina, ikakhulukazi ezintweni zamasu ezifana ne-neodymium.

 

Amathuba:

Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, i-China isalokhu ingumdlali obalulekile ngezinsiza zayo zomhlaba ezingavamile kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza. Abahlinzeki baseShayina bangakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ngokushintsha isisekelo samakhasimende abo futhi bathole izimakethe ezintsha e-Asia, Afrika, naseLatin America. Bangakwazi futhi ukusebenzisana nozakwethu bamazwe ngamazwe ukuze benze ukukhiqizwa kwasendaweni, basize ekugwemeni imikhawulo ethile yohwebo.

 

5. Ukuguquguquka Kwentengo kanye Nokuncintisana Kwemakethe

 

Izinselelo:

Ukuguquguquka kwentengo yento yomhlaba engavamile kungadala ukungaqiniseki kubahlinzeki bezibuthe be-neodymium. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo zingaphansi kokuguquguquka kwezimakethe zomhlaba, amanani angakhuphuka ngenxa yokushoda kwempahla noma ukwanda kwesidingo, okuthinta inzuzo.

 

Amathuba:

Abahlinzeki baseShayina banganciphisa umthelela wokuntengantenga kwentengo ngokutshala ekuqiniseni ukuthengwa kwempahla nokusayina izinkontileka zesikhathi eside nabavukuzi bomhlaba abayivelakancane. Ukwengeza, ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obungabiza kakhulu kungasiza ekugcineni ukuncintisana kwentengo. Ngokugxila emhlabeni wonke emandleni ahlanzekile kanye nokufakwa kukagesi, lokhu kukhula kwemakethe kungamisa isidingo kanye nemithombo yemali engenayo.

 

6. Gxila kwikhwalithi nesitifiketi

 

Izinselelo:

Abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe baya ngokuya bedinga omazibuthe abahlangabezana namazinga aqinile ekhwalithi kanye nezitifiketi, njengokuthobela i-ISO noma i-RoHS. Abahlinzeki abangahlangabezani nalawa mazinga bangase babe nobunzima bokuheha amakhasimende omhlaba, ikakhulukazi lawo asezindaweni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu njengezezimoto kanye ne-aerospace.

 

Amathuba:

Abahlinzeki baseShayina abagxile ekulawuleni ikhwalithi futhi bahlangabezane nezimfuneko zesitifiketi somhlaba wonke bazoba sesimweni esingcono sokuthwebula isabelo semakethe esikhulu. Ukwakha izinqubo eziqinile zemboni yokukhiqiza kanye nezinhlelo zokunikeza izitifiketi kungasiza abahlinzeki ukuba bathole ukwethenjwa namakhasimende aphesheya, kukhuthaze ubambiswano lwesikhathi eside.

 

Isiphetho

Nakuba abahlinzeki bezibuthe be-neodymium eShayina bebhekene nezinselelo ezithinta imvelo, ukuguquguquka kwentengo, kanye nokushuba kwesimo sezwe, nabo basesimweni esihle sokusebenzisa imfuno yomhlaba wonke yalezi zingxenye ezibalulekile. Ngokutshala imali ekuzinzeni, ekusunguleni izinto ezintsha, nasekulawuleni ikhwalithi, abahlinzeki baseShayina bangaqhubeka nokuhola imakethe, njengoba ukuncintisana komhlaba wonke kuya ngokushuba. Njengoba izimboni ezifana nezimoto zikagesi namandla avuselelekayo zikhula, amathuba okukhula maningi, inqobo nje uma abahlinzeki bengakwazi ukubhekana nezinselele ezisazo.