Zenziwa njani iimagnethi zeneodymium

Siza kukuchaza njaniIimagnethi zeNdFeBzenziwe ngengcaciso elula. Imagnethi ye-neodymium yimagnethi esisigxina eyenziwe kwi-alloy ye-neodymium, intsimbi, kunye ne-boron ukwenza i-Nd2Fe14B ye-tetragonal crystalline structure. Iimagnethi ze-sintered neodymium zenziwa ngokufudumeza ngevacuum amasuntswana esinyithi anqabileyo emhlabeni njengemathiriyeli ekrwada eziko. Emva kokufumana imathiriyeli ekrwada, siya kuqhuba amanyathelo ali-9 ukwenza iimagnethi zeNdFeB kwaye ekugqibeleni sivelise iimveliso ezigqityiweyo.

Lungiselela imathiriyeli yokusabela, ukunyibilika, ukungqusha, ukucofa, ukuntywila, ukutshiza, ukucwenga, ukwenza imagnethi kunye nokuhlola.

Lungiselela imathiriyeli yokusabela

Uhlobo lwekhemikhali yemagnethi ye-neodymium yiNd2Fe14B.

Iimagnethi zidla ngokuba zizityebi ze-Nd kunye ne-B, kwaye iimagnethi ezigqityiweyo zihlala ziqulathe iziza ze-nonmagnetic ze-Nd kunye ne-B kwiinkozo, eziqulethe i-Nd2Fe14B enemagnethi. iinkozo. Ezinye izinto ezininzi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zinokongezwa ukuze zithathe indawo ye-neodymium: i-dysprosium, i-terbium, i-gadolinium, i-holmium, i-lanthanum, kunye ne-cerium. Ubhedu, i-cobalt, i-aluminium, i-gallium kunye ne-niobium inokongezwa ukuphucula ezinye iipropati zemagnethi. Kuqhelekile ukusebenzisa zombini i-Co kunye neDy kunye. Zonke izinto zokwenza iimagnethi zebakala elikhethiweyo zibekwe kwisithando somlilo se-vacuum induction, sifudunyezwe kwaye sinyibilike ukwenza i-alloy material.

Ukunyibilika

Iimathiriyeli ekrwada kufuneka zinyibilikiswe kwi-vacuum induction furnace ukwenza i-alloy ye-Nd2Fe14B. Imveliso ifudunyezwa ngokudala i-vortex, yonke iphantsi kwe-vacuum ukukhusela ukungcola ekungeneni kwi-reaction. Imveliso yokugqibela yale nyathelo yi-tribbon cast sheet (i-SC sheet) eyenziwe ngeekristale ze-Nd2Fe14B ezifanayo. Inkqubo yokunyibilika kufuneka yenziwe ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu ukunqanda i-oxidation egqithisileyo yeentsimbi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo.

Ukugaya

Inkqubo yokugaya i-2-step isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa. Inyathelo lokuqala, elibizwa ngokuba yi-hydrogen detonation, libandakanya ukusabela phakathi kwe-hydrogen kunye ne-neodymium nge-alloy, ukwaphula ii-SC flakes zibe ngamasuntswana amancinane. Isinyathelo sesibini, esibizwa ngokuba yi-jet milling, ijika iinqununu ze-Nd2Fe14B zibe ngamancinci amancinci, ukusuka kububanzi ukusuka kwi-2-5μm. I-Jet milling inciphisa izinto ezibangela ukuba zibe ngumgubo wesayizi encinci kakhulu. Umyinge wobungakanani bamasuntswana ujikeleze i-3 microns.

Ukucinezela

I-NdFeB powder icinezelwe ibe yinto eqinileyo kwimo efunwayo kwindawo eqinile yamagnetic. Isiqina esicinezelweyo siya kufumana kwaye sigcine ukuqhelaniswa kwemagnetization ekhethwayo. Kubuchule obubizwa ngokuba yi-die-upsetting, umgubo ucinezelwa ube sisiqina kwindawo emalunga ne-725°C. Isiqina ke sibekwe kwisingundo sesibini, apho sixinzelelwa kwimilo ebanzi, malunga nesiqingatha sobude baso bokuqala. Oku kwenza ulwalathiso lwemagnethi olukhethwayo ludibane nelathiso le-extrusion. Kwiimilo ezithile, kukho iindlela ezibandakanya ii-clamps ezivelisa indawo yamagnetic ngexesha lokucinezela ukulungelelanisa amasuntswana.

Sintering

Izinto eziqinileyo ze-NdFeB ezicinezelweyo kufuneka zifakwe emanzini ukwenza iibhloko ze-NdFeB. Izinto eziphathekayo zixinzelelwe kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu (ukuya kwi-1080 ° C) ngaphantsi kwendawo yokuncibilika kwezinto kuze kube yilapho iinqununu zayo zihambelana. Inkqubo ye-sintering inamanyathelo ama-3: i-dehydrogenation, i-sintering kunye ne-teering.

Umatshini

Iimagnethi ezisikiweyo zisikwa zibe ziimilo ezinqwenelekayo kunye nobukhulu kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokusila. Ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo, iimilo ezintsonkothileyo ezibizwa ngokuba ziimilo ezingaqhelekanga ziveliswa yi-electrical discharge machining (EDM). Ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu lezinto eziphathekayo, ilahleko yezinto eziphathekayo ngenxa ye-machining igcinwa ubuncinane. ITekhnoloji yeHuizhou Fullzen ilunge kakhulu ekwenzeni iimagnethi ezingaqhelekanga.

Ukwambathisa/Ukwaleka

I-NdFeB engafakwanga imdaka kakhulu kwaye iphulukana nemagnethi yayo ngokukhawuleza xa imanzi. Ke, zonke iimagnethi ze-neodymium ezithengiswayo zifuna ukugquma. Iimagnethi zomntu ngamnye zifakwe kwimigangatho emithathu: i-nickel, ubhedu kunye ne-nickel. Ukufumana ezinye iintlobo zokugquma, nceda ucofe "Qhagamshelana nathi".

Imagnethi

Umazibuthe ubekwe kwindawo ebonisa umazibuthe kwindawo eyomeleleyo yemagnethi kangangexesha elifutshane. Yikhoyili enkulu ejijelwe kwimagnethi. Izixhobo ezenziwe ngemagnethi zisebenzisa iibhanki ze-capacitor kunye nombane ophakamileyo kakhulu ukufumana amandla akhoyo ngexesha elifutshane.

Ukuhlolwa

Jonga umgangatho weemagnethi eziphumela kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Iprojekti yokulinganisa yedijithali iqinisekisa imilinganiselo. Iisistim zokulinganisa ubukhulu bokwambathisa zisebenzisa itekhnoloji yeX-reyi fluorescence ziqinisekisa ubuninzi beengubo. Uvavanyo lwarhoqo kwisitshizi setyuwa kunye novavanyo lwesitshizi soxinzelelo lukwaqinisekisa ukusebenza kwengubo. Imephu ye-hysteresis ilinganisa igophe le-BH lemagnethi, eqinisekisa ukuba zenziwe ngemagnethi ngokupheleleyo, njengoko kulindelekile kudidi lwemagnethi.

Ekugqibeleni sifumene imveliso yemagnethi efanelekileyo.