Amandla eMazibuthe alinganiswa njani?

Iimagnethi bezizizinto ezinomdla kangangeenkulungwane, izazinzulu zitsala umdla kunye nabanomdla ngokufanayo ngobuchule babo obumangalisayo bokutsala izinto ezithile. Ukusuka kwiinaliti zekhampasi ezikhokela abahloli bamandulo ukuya kwiindlela ezintsonkothileyo zobuchwepheshe bale mihla, iimagnethi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bethu. Kodwa siwenza njani umlinganiselo amandla ezi zintoiindawo zemagneti? Silinganisa njani amandla emagnethi? Makhe sihlolisise iindlela kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amandla emagnethi.

IMagnetic Field Amandla

Ukomelela kwemagnethi kumiselwa ngokusisiseko yimagnethi yayo, indawo ejikeleze umazibuthe apho impembelelo yayo ivakala khona. Lo mmandla umelwe yimigca yamandla, esuka kwincam yemagnethi esemantla ukuya kwipali yayo esemazantsi. Okukhona ukuxinana kwale migca, kokukhona ukuqina kwemagnethi.

I-Gauss kunye neTesla: Iiyunithi zoMlinganiselo

Ukulinganisa amandla ombane wamagnetic, izazinzulu zisebenzisa iiyunithi ezimbini eziphambili zokulinganisa: iGauss kunye neTesla.

UGauss (G): Ithiywe emva kwengcali yezibalo kunye nefiziksi yaseJamani uCarl Friedrich Gauss, le yunithi ilinganisa ukuxinana kwemagnethi okanye ukufakwa kwemagnethi. I-Gauss enye ilingana no-Maxwell omnye kwisikwere sesentimitha. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobukhulu obuncinci be-Gauss, ngakumbi kwiimeko zangoku, izazinzulu zihlala zisebenzisa iTesla kumhlaba owomeleleyo wemagnethi.

I-Tesla (T): Inikwe imbeko kumqambi waseSerbia-waseMelika kunye nenjineli yombane u-Nikola Tesla, le yunithi imele uxinaniso olukhulu lwemagnethi xa kuthelekiswa neGauss. I-Tesla enye ilingana ne-10,000 ye-Gauss, iyenza ibe yiyunithi esebenzayo ngakumbi yokulinganisa amandla emagnethi anamandla, afana nalawo aveliswa ngoomazibuthe abanamandla asetyenziswa kuphando lwezenzululwazi okanye kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso.

Iimagnethimitha

Iimagnethi zizixhobo ezenzelwe ukulinganisa amandla kunye necala lemagnethi. Ezi zixhobo ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiikhampasi eziphathwa ngesandla ukuya kwizixhobo ezintsonkothileyo zaselabhoratri. Nazi ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeemagnetometers ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amandla omhlaba wemagnethi:

1. I-Fluxgate Magnetometers: Ezi magnetometers zisebenzisa imigaqo yokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukulinganisa utshintsho kwimimandla yemagnethi. Zibandakanya enye okanye ngaphezulu kwe-magnetic cores ejikelezwe ngamacingo ocingo. Xa bevezwe kumhlaba wemagnethi, iicores ziba ngumagnetic, zibangela umqondiso wombane kwiikhoyili, ezinokulinganiswa kwaye zilinganiswe ukumisela amandla omhlaba wemagnethi.

2. Hall Effect Magnetometers: Iimagnetometers zesiphumo seholo zixhomekeke kwisiphumo seHolo, esichaza ukuveliswa kombane wombane (i-voltage yeHolo) ngaphaya kwe-conductor yombane xa ixhomekeke kumhlaba wemagnethi othe ngqo wokuhamba ngoku. Ngokulinganisa lo mbane, ii-magnetometers zempembelelo zeHolo zinokumisela amandla ombane wemagnethi.

3. I-SQUID Magnetometers: I-Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) iimagnetometers ziphakathi kwezona magnetometers zinovakalelo ezikhoyo. Basebenza ngokusekelwe kwiipropati ze-quantum ze-superconductors, ezivumela ukuba zibone iindawo ezibuthathaka kakhulu zamagnetic, ukuya kwinqanaba le-femtoteslas (10 ^ -15 Tesla).

Ulungelelwaniso kunye nokuMiswa koMgangatho

Ukuqinisekisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo, i-magnetometers kufuneka ilinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ibekwe emgangathweni. Ulungelelwaniso lubandakanya ukuthelekisa imveliso yemagnethi kunye namandla aziwayo omhlaba wemagnethi ukuseka unxulumano lomda phakathi kofundo lwesixhobo kunye neyona milinganiselo yamaxabiso emagnethi. Umgangatho uqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo ethathwe ngeemagnetometers ezahlukeneyo iyahambelana kwaye iyathelekiseka.

Ukusetyenziswa kweMagnetometry

Ukukwazi ukulinganisa amandla emagnethi ngokuchanekileyo kunezicelo ezininzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo:

I-Geophysics: Iimagnethi zisetyenziselwa ukufunda umhlaba wamagnetic, onika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga nokwakheka kunye nokubunjwa kwendawo yangaphakathi yeplanethi.

Ukukhangela: Iikhampasi, uhlobo lwemagnetometer, ibizizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokuhamba ukusuka kumaxesha amandulo, ukunceda oomatiloshe kunye nabahloli bamazwe ukuba bafumane indlela yokuwela iilwandlekazi ezinkulu.

Inzululwazi yeMathiriyeliI-Magnetometry isetyenziselwa ukubonakalisa iimpawuizixhobo zemagnethikwaye bafunde iipropati zabo, ezibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lobuchwepheshe obufana nezixhobo zokugcina imagnethi kunye noomatshini bokucinga ngemagnethi (MRI).

Ukuhlola iSithuba: Ii-Magnetometers zisasazwa kwiziphekepheke ukuze zifunde amandla kazibuthe ezidalwa zasesibhakabhakeni, zinika ulwazi malunga nokwakheka kwazo kunye nembali yokwakheka komhlaba.

Ukuqukumbela

Umlinganiselo wamandla omhlaba wemagnethi ubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuziphatha kweemagnethi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ngeeyunithi ezifana ne-Gauss kunye neTesla kunye nezixhobo ezifana neemagnetometers, izazinzulu zinokubala ngokuchanekileyo amandla omhlaba wemagnethi, zivula indlela yenkqubela phambili kubuchwepheshe, ukuhlola, kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi. Njengoko ukuqonda kwethu i-magnetism kuqhubeka nokuba nzulu, ngokunjalo nokukwazi kwethu ukusebenzisa amandla ayo ukuze kuzuze uluntu.