Zenziwa njani iimagnethi zeneodymium?

Imagnethi yeNeodymium, ekwaziwa njengemagnethi ye-NdFeB, luhlobo lwemagnethi yomhlaba enqabileyo enamandla amakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke iintlobo zemagnethi. Njengeidiski,vimba,umsesane,yatshonanjalo njalo oomazibuthe. Zisetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zamashishini kunye nabathengi ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezizodwa. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwemagnethi ye-Neodymium intsonkothile kwaye ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela, kubandakanya nokulungiswa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, ukuthambisa, ukwenza oomatshini, kunye nokwaleka. Kweli nqaku, thina njengeumzi-mveliso wemagnethi we-neodymiumiya kubonelela ngenkcazo eneenkcukacha yenkqubo yokwenziwa kweemagnethi zeNeodymium, ixoxa ngenyathelo ngalinye ngokweenkcukacha. Ukongeza, siza kuphonononga iipropathi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezi magnethi, kubandakanya nokubaluleka kwazo kubuchwepheshe bale mihla, obufana nombane osetyenziswa ngabathengi, izixhobo zonyango, kunye namandla ahlaziyekayo. Ngaphaya koko, siza kuphonononga impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ehambelana nemveliso kunye nokulahlwa kweemagnethi zeNeodymium. Ekupheleni kweli nqaku, abafundi baya kuba nokuqonda okungcono kwenkqubo yokwenziwa kweemagnethi ze-Neodymium kunye nokubaluleka kwabo kwithekhnoloji yanamhlanje, kunye neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo kwimveliso kunye nokulahlwa kwazo.

Imagnethi ye-Neodymium yenziwe yindibaniselwano ye-neodymium, intsimbi, kunye ne-boron (NdFeB). Olu qulunqo lunika iimagnethi ze-Neodymium iimpawu zazo ezizodwa zemagnethi, kuquka amandla azo aphezulu kakhulu kunye nokuzinza.

Ezi zilandelayo zezinye zeempawu eziphambili zeemagnethi zeNeodymium:

Amandla emagnethi: Imagnethi zeNeodymium lolona hlobo lunamandla lwemagnethi lukhoyo, lunamandla omhlaba wemagnethi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.6 teslas.

Uzinzo lwemagnethi:Iimagnethi ze-Neodymium zizinzile kakhulu kwaye zigcina iimpawu zazo zemagneti nakumaqondo obushushu aphezulu okanye xa zisesichengeni semagnethi eyomeleleyo.

Ubuqhophololo:Imagnethi ye-Neodymium i-brittle kwaye inokuqhekeka ngokulula okanye yophuka ukuba iphantsi koxinzelelo okanye impembelelo.

Ukonakala: Iimagnethi zeNeodymium zichaphazeleka kukudleka kwaye zifuna ukugquma okukhuselweyo ukunqanda i-oxidation.

Ixabiso: Iimagnethi zeNeodymium zinexabiso eliphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zemagnethi.

Ukuguquguquka:Imagnethi yeNeodymium iyaguquguquka kwaye inokuhlengahlengiswa ngokulula kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu ukuze zilungele usetyenziso oluthile.

Ubume obukhethekileyo kunye neepropathi zemagnethi ze-Neodymium zibenza balungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kubandakanya i-electronics yabathengi, izixhobo zonyango, i-automotive and aerospace industry, iteknoloji yamandla avuselelekayo, kunye nokunye. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuphatha ezi magnethi ngononophelo ngenxa yendalo yazo ebuthathaka kunye neengozi ezinokubakho ukuba zifakwe okanye zitsaliwe.

Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweemagnethi ze-Neodymium ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela, kubandakanya nokulungiswa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, ukuthambisa, ukwenza oomatshini, kunye nokwaleka.

Oku kulandelayo yinkcazo eneenkcukacha yenyathelo ngalinye elibandakanyekayo kwimveliso yeemagnethi zeNeodymium:

Ukulungiswa kweMathiriyeli ekrwada: Inyathelo lokuqala kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwemagnethi ye-Neodymium kukulungiswa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada. Iimathiriyeli ekrwada ezifunekayo kwiimagnethi zeNeodymium ziquka i-neodymium, intsimbi, i-boron, kunye nezinye izinto zokuhlanganisa. Ezi zixhobo zilinganiswe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye zixutywe ngomlinganiselo ochanekileyo ukwenza umgubo.

Sintering: Emva kokuba izinto eziluhlaza zixutywe, i-powder ihlanganiswe ibe yimo efunwayo usebenzisa umshicileli. Ukumila okudityanisiweyo kufakwe kwiziko lokutshisa kwaye kufudunyezwe kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-1000 ° C. Ngexesha le-sintering, i-powder particles idibanisa ukuze yenze ubunzima obuqinileyo. Le nkqubo ibalulekile ukwenza i-microstructure eshinyeneyo nefanayo, eyimfuneko ukuze umazibuthe abonise iipropati zemagnethi ezizezona zilungileyo.

Umatshini:Emva kokuntywila, umazibuthe uyasuswa eziko kwaye umiliselwe kubungakanani obunqwenelekayo bokugqibela kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zomatshini. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-machining, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukudala imilo yokugqibela yemagnethi, kunye nokufezekisa ukunyamezela okuchanekileyo kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu. Eli nyathelo libalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umazibuthe uyahlangabezana neenkcukacha ezifunekayo kwaye uneempawu ezifunekayo zemagnethi.

Ukwaleka:Inyathelo lokugqibela kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kweemagnethi ze-Neodymium kukwaleka. Iimagnethi zigqunywe ngomqolo okhuselayo ukuthintela ukubola kunye ne-oxidation. Iinketho ezahlukeneyo zokugquma ziyafumaneka, kubandakanya i-nickel, i-zinc, igolide, okanye i-epoxy. Ukwaleka kukwabonelela ngomphezulu ogudileyo kwaye uphucula inkangeleko yemagnethi.

Imagnethi ye-Neodymium isetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zamashishini kunye nabathengi ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezikhethekileyo zemagneti.

Oku kulandelayo zezinye zezona nkqubo zixhaphakileyo zeNeodymium umazibuthe:

Consumer electronics:Iimagnethi zeNeodymium ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kubathengi be-elektroniki, kubandakanya iiselfowuni, iilaptops, ii-headphones, kunye nezithethi. Banceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezi zixhobo ngokubonelela ngentsimi yamagnetic enamandla kunye nokunciphisa ubungakanani kunye nobunzima bamacandelo.

Izixhobo zonyango:Imagnethi ye-Neodymium isetyenziswa kwizixhobo zonyango, ezinje ngoomatshini be-MRI kunye nezixhobo zonyango ezifakelwayo, kubandakanywa izincedisi-ntliziyo kunye nezixhobo zokuva. Babonelela ngommandla oqinileyo wamagnetic kwaye bahambelana ne-biocompatible, okwenza ukuba balungele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo zonyango.

Imizi-mveliso yeemoto kunye ne-aerospace:Iimagnethi zeNeodymium zisetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso yeemoto kunye ne-aerospace kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iimotor zombane, iinkqubo zokuqhuba umbane, kunye neenkqubo zokuqhobosha. Banceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kwezi nkqubo kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima bamacandelo.

Ubuchwepheshe bamandla ahlaziyekayo:Iimagnethi zeNeodymium zisetyenziswa kubuchwepheshe bamandla avuselelekayo, kubandakanya iiinjini zomoya kunye nezithuthi zombane. Zisetyenziselwa iijeneretha kunye neenjini zezi nkqubo ukubonelela ngentsimi yamagnetic enamandla kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kwazo.

Ezinye izicelo:Iimagnethi zeNeodymium zikwasetyenziswa kwezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iithoyi, ubucwebe, kunye neemveliso zonyango lwemagnethi.