Matla a Magnet a Lekanyetsoa Joang?

Limanete esale e le lintho tse khahlang ka makholo a lilemo, li hohela bo-rasaense le ba chesehelang ka mokhoa o tšoanang ka bokhoni ba bona bo makatsang ba ho hohela lisebelisoa tse itseng. Ho tloha ho linale tsa compass tse tataisang bafuputsi ba khale ho ea ho mekhoa e rarahaneng ea theknoloji ea morao-rao, limakete li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa likarolong tse fapaneng tsa bophelo ba rona. Empa re ka lekanya matla a tsena joangmasimo a makenete? Re lekanya matla a makenete joang? Ha re hlahlobeng mekhoa le lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang ho lekanya matla a makenete.

Matla a Tšimo ea Magnetic

Matla a makenete a itšetlehile haholo ka matla a eona a khoheli, e leng sebaka se potolohileng makenete moo tšusumetso ea eona e utloahala. Sebaka sena se emeloa ke mela ea matla, e tlohang karolong e ka leboea ea makenete ho ea karolong ea eona e ka boroa. Ha litekanyo tsa mela ena li le ngata, matla a khoheli a matla le ho feta.

Gauss le Tesla: Lihlopha tsa Tekanyo

Ho lekanya matla a matla a khoheli, bo-rasaense ba sebelisa likarolo tse peli tsa mantlha tsa tekanyo: Gauss le Tesla.

Gauss (G): E rehelletsoe ka setsebi sa lipalo le sa fisiks sa Lejeremane Carl Friedrich Gauss, karolo ena e lekanya matla a khoheli kapa ho kenella ha makenete. Gauss e le 'ngoe e lekana le Maxwell a le mong ka square centimeter. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la boholo bo fokolang ba Gauss, haholo-holo maemong a morao-rao, bo-rasaense ba atisa ho sebelisa Tesla bakeng sa matla a matla a khoheli.

Tesla (T): E rehelletsoe ka tlhompho ea moqapi oa Serbian-Amerika le moenjiniere oa motlakase Nikola Tesla, unit ena e emela matla a maholo a khoheli ha a bapisoa le Gauss. Tesla e le 'ngoe e lekana le 10,000 Gauss, e leng se etsang hore e be karolo e sebetsang haholoanyane ea ho lekanya matla a khoheli a matla, joalo ka a hlahisoang ke limatlase tse matla tse sebelisoang lipatlisisong tsa mahlale kapa lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri.

Magnetometers

Magnetometer ke lisebelisoa tse etselitsoeng ho lekanya matla le tataiso ea matla a khoheli. Lisebelisoa tsena li tla ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng, ho tloha ho li-compass tse bonolo tse tšoaroang ka letsoho ho ea ho thepa e tsoetseng pele ea laboratori. Mona ke mefuta e meng e tloaelehileng ea li-magnetometer tse sebelisoang ho lekanya matla a matla a khoheli:

1. Fluxgate Magnetometers: Li-magnetometer tsena li sebelisa melaoana ea induction ea electromagnetic ho lekanya liphetoho libakeng tsa khoheli. Li na le li-cores tsa makenete tse le 'ngoe kapa ho feta tse pota-potiloeng ke likhoele tsa terata. Ha li kopane le matla a khoheli, li-cores li fetoha makenete, e leng se etsang hore ho be le lets'oao la motlakase ka har'a likhoele, le ka lekanngoang le ho lekanyetsoa ho fumana matla a matla a khoheli.

2. Holo Effect Magnetometers: Li-magnetometers tsa Hall effect li itšetlehile ka phello ea Holo, e hlalosang tlhahiso ea phapang ea motlakase (Hall voltage) ho pholletsa le conductor ea motlakase ha e tlas'a matla a khoheli a pota-potileng ho phalla ha hona joale. Ka ho lekanya motlakase ona, li-magnetometer tsa Hall effect li ka lekanya matla a matla a khoheli.

3. SQUID Magnetometers: Li-magnetometer tsa Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) ke tse ling tsa li-magnetometer tse nang le kutloelo-bohloko tse fumanehang. Li sebetsa ho itšetlehile ka thepa ea quantum ea li-superconductors, e ba lumellang ho lemoha matla a khoheli a fokolang haholo, ho ea fihla boemong ba femtoteslas (10 ^ -15 Tesla).

Tekanyetso le Maemo

Ho netefatsa litekanyo tse nepahetseng, li-magnetometer li tlameha ho lekanngoa hantle le ho lekana. Calibration e kenyelletsa ho bapisa tlhahiso ea magnetometer le matla a matla a khoheli a tsebahalang ho theha kamano e haufi lipakeng tsa 'malo oa sesebelisoa le boleng ba 'nete ba matla a khoheli. Tekanyetso e netefatsa hore litekanyo tse nkuoeng ka li-magnetometer tse fapaneng lia lumellana ebile lia bapisoa.

Lisebelisoa tsa Magnetometry

Bokhoni ba ho lekanya matla a matla a khoheli ka nepo bo na le lits'ebetso tse ngata libakeng tse fapaneng:

Geophysics: Li-magnetometer li sebelisetsoa ho ithuta matla a khoheli a Lefatše, a fanang ka tlhahisoleseding ea bohlokoa mabapi le sebopeho le sebopeho sa bokahare ba polanete.

Navigation: Li-compass, mofuta oa magnetometer, esale e le lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho tsamaea ho tloha mehleng ea khale, ho thusa basesisi ba likepe le bafuputsi ho tšela maoatle a maholohali.

Materials Science: Magnetometry e sebelisoa ho khethollalisebelisoa tsa makenetele ho ithuta litšobotsi tsa tsona, tse bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea mahlale a joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea makenete le mechini ea litšoantšo tsa makenete (MRI).

Ho Hlahloba Sebaka: Li-magnetometer li sebelisoa sepakapakeng ho ithuta matla a khoheli a lihloliloeng tsa leholimo, ho fana ka leseli mabapi le sebopeho sa tsona le nalane ea jeoloji.

Qetello

Tekanyo ea matla a matla a khoheli e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho utloisisa boitšoaro ba limakete le ts'ebeliso ea tsona libakeng tse fapaneng. Ka likarolo tse kang Gauss le Tesla le lisebelisoa tse kang magnetometers, bo-ramahlale ba ka lekanya ka nepo matla a matla a khoheli, ba bula tsela bakeng sa tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji, boithuto le lipatlisiso tsa mahlale. Ha kutloisiso ea rona ea makenete e ntse e tsoela pele ho teba, ho joalo le ka bokhoni ba rona ba ho sebelisa matla a eona molemong oa batho.