Sidee Loo Qiyaasaa Awoodda Magnet?

Magnet-yadu waxay ahaayeen walxo soo jiidasho leh qarniyo badan, soo jiitay saynis yahannada iyo dadka xiiseeya si isku mid ah awooddooda dahsoon ee ay ku soo jiitaan walxaha qaarkood. Laga soo bilaabo cirbadaha compass-ka ee hagaya sahamiyayaashii hore ilaa hababka qalafsan ee tignoolajiyada casriga ah, magnets waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan qaybaha kala duwan ee nolosheena. Laakiin sideen ku qiyaasi karnaa xoogga kuwandhul magnetic? Sideen u cabbirnaa awoodda birlabeedka? Aan u dhaadhacno hababka iyo qalabka loo isticmaalo in lagu qiyaaso xoogga magnetka.

Xoogga Goobta Magnetka

Awooda birlabeedka asal ahaan waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa goobtiisa birlabeedka, aagga ku wareegsan magnetka halkaasoo saameyntiisa laga dareemayo. Goobtan waxaa ka muuqda xariiqyo xoog ah, oo ka soo bilaabmaya birta woqooyi ee magnetka ilaa cirifkeeda koonfureed. Inta badan cufnaanta xadhkahan, way sii xoogaysanaysaa goobta magnetic.

Gauss iyo Tesla: Unugyada Cabbirka

Si loo qiyaaso xoogga goobta magnetic, saynisyahannadu waxay adeegsadaan laba qaybood oo cabbir ah: Gauss iyo Tesla.

Gauss (G): Waxaa loogu magacdaray xisaabyahankii Jarmalka ahaa iyo physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss, cutubkan waxa uu cabbiraa cufnaanta birlabeedka ama soo-saarka magnetic. Hal Gauss wuxuu la mid yahay hal Maxwell sentimitirkii laba jibaaran. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay baaxadda yar ee Gauss, gaar ahaan xaaladaha casriga ah, saynisyahannadu waxay inta badan u adeegsadaan Tesla meelaha magnetic xooggan.

Tesla (T): Waxaa loogu magacdaray sharafta hal-abuuraha Seerbiya-Maraykanka iyo injineerka korontada Nikola Tesla, cutubkani waxa uu ka dhigan yahay cufnaanta birlabeedka weyn marka loo eego Gauss. Mid ka mid ah Tesla wuxuu la mid yahay 10,000 Gauss, taasoo ka dhigaysa unug wax ku ool ah oo lagu cabbiro meelaha magnetic xooggan, sida kuwa ay soo saaraan birlab awood leh oo loo isticmaalo cilmi-baarista sayniska ama codsiyada warshadaha.

Magnetometer

Magnetometers waa qalab loogu talagalay in lagu cabbiro xoogga iyo jihada meelaha magnetic. Aaladahani waxay u kala baxaan noocyo kala duwan, oo u dhexeeya kombuyuutarrada gacanta ee fudud iyo qalabka shaybaadhka casriga ah. Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah noocyada caadiga ah ee magnetometer-ka loo isticmaalo cabbiraadda xoogga goobta magnetic:

1. Fluxgate Magnetometer: Magnetmeter-yadani waxay isticmaalaan mabaadi'da soo-saarka korantada si ay u cabbiraan isbeddellada goobaha magnetic. Waxay ka kooban yihiin hal ama in ka badan oo koofiyado birlab ah oo ay ku wareegsan yihiin gariiradaha siligga. Marka la soo bandhigo goob birlabeed ah, koofiyadaha ayaa noqda magnetized, taasoo keenta calaamad koronto oo gariiradaha, taas oo la cabbiri karo lana qiyaasi karo si loo go'aamiyo xoogga goobta magnetka.

2. Saamaynta Hall Magnetometers: Saamaynta Hall magnetometer waxay ku tiirsan yihiin saamaynta Hall, kaas oo qeexaya jiilka farqiga danab (Hall Voltage) guud ahaan kaari koronto marka la hoos geeyo a magnetic siman socodka hadda. Marka la cabbiro korontadan, magnetometer-yada saamaynta Hall waxay go'aamin karaan xoogga goobta magnetic.

3. SQUID MagnetometerAaladda Faragelinta Quantum-ka ee Sarreysa (SQUID) magnetometer-yada ayaa ka mid ah magnetometer-yada ugu xasaasisan ee la heli karo. Waxay ku shaqeeyaan iyada oo ku saleysan sifooyinka quantum ee kondhomiyeyaasha sare, iyaga oo u oggolaanaya inay ogaadaan meelaha magnetic aadka u daciifka ah, ilaa heerka femtoteslas (10 ^ -15 Tesla).

Habaynta iyo Habaynta

Si loo hubiyo cabbirada saxda ah, magnetometer-yada waa in si sax ah loo habeeyey oo loo habeeyey. Qalabaynta waxay ku lug leedahay isbarbardhigga wax-soo-saarka magnetometer-ka iyo xoogga goobta magnetic-ka ee la yaqaan si loo dhiso xiriir toosan oo u dhexeeya akhrinta qalabka iyo qiyamka goobta magnetic-ka ee dhabta ah. Habayntu waxay hubisaa in cabbirada lagu qaado magnetometerka kala duwan ay yihiin kuwo joogto ah oo la barbar dhigi karo.

Codsiyada Magnetometry

Awoodda lagu cabbiro xoogga goobta magnetic si sax ah waxay leedahay codsiyo badan oo dhinacyo kala duwan ah:

Geophysics: Magnetometer-ka waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu daraaseeyo magnetic field-ka dhulka, kaas oo bixiya macluumaad qiimo leh oo ku saabsan qaabka iyo qaabka gudaha meeraha.

Navigation: Compasses, oo ah nooca magnetometer-ka, ayaa ahaa aaladaha lagama maarmaanka u ah hagidda ilaa wakhtiyadii hore, caawinta badmaaxiinta iyo sahamiyayaasha si ay u helaan marinka badaha waaweyn.

Sayniska Qalabka: Magnetometry waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu gartoqalabka birlabeedkaoo ay bartaan sifooyinkooda, kuwaas oo lagama maarmaan u ah horumarinta tignoolajiyada sida aaladaha kaydinta magnetic iyo mashiinnada sawir-qaadista magnetic (MRI).

Sahminta Hawada Sare: Magnetometer-yada waxaa la geeyaa dayax gacmeedyada si ay u daraaseeyaan magnetic fields ee meeraha samada, iyaga oo siinaya fikrado ku saabsan halabuurka iyo taariikhda juqraafiga.

Gabagabo

Cabbirka xoogga goobta magnetic waxay lagama maarmaan u tahay fahamka habdhaqanka magnets iyo codsiyadooda dhinacyada kala duwan. Iyada oo loo marayo cutubyada sida Gauss iyo Tesla iyo aaladaha sida magnetometer-ka, saynisyahannadu waxay si sax ah u qiyaasi karaan xoogga meelaha magnetic, iyagoo u gogol xaaraya horumarka tignoolajiyada, sahaminta, iyo cilmi baarista sayniska. Sida fahamkayaga magnetism-ka uu sii wado inuu sii qoto dheeraado, sidoo kale awoodeena si aan uga faa'iidaysano awoodeeda faa'iidada aadanaha.