Ndeapi akasiyana Magnetic Materials?

Magnetism, iyo yakakosha simba rechisikigo, inoratidzira mune dzakasiyana zvinhu, imwe neimwe iine yakasarudzika midziyo uyemagent applications. Kunzwisisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemagineti zvinhu kwakakosha kune akasiyana minda, kusanganisira fizikisi, engineering, uye tekinoroji. Ngationgororei munyika inonakidza yezvishandiso zvemagineti uye tiongorore maitiro avo, kupatsanura, uye mashandisiro anoshanda.

1. Ferromagnetic Materials:

Ferromagnetic zvinhu zvinoratidzira zvakasimba uyezvachose magnetization, kunyange pasina simba rekunze remagineti. Simbi, nickel, uye cobalt mienzaniso yekare yezvinhu zveferromagnetic. Zvishandiso izvi zvine magineti nguva dzinongoerekana dzaenderana munzira imwe chete, zvichigadzira simba rakazara remagineti. Ferromagnetic zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumashandisirwo akadai semagineti ekuchengetedza zvishandiso, emagetsi mota, uye ma transformer nekuda kwesimba rawo remagineti.

2. Paramagnetic Materials:

Paramagnetic zvinhu zvinokwezvwa zvisina simba kuminda yemagineti uye inoratidzira kwechinguvana magineti kana yaiswa muminda yakadaro. Kusiyana neferromagnetic zvinhu, paramagnetic zvinhu hazvichengete magnetization kana munda wekunze wabviswa. Zvinhu zvakaita searuminiyamu, platinamu, uye okisijeni zvine paramagnetic nekuda kwekuvapo kwemaerekitironi asina kupetwa, anofambirana negineti rekunze asi anodzokera kune zvakangoitika kana munda wabviswa. Zvishandiso zveParamagnetic zvinowana maapplication mumichina yemagineti resonance imaging (MRI), uko mhinduro yavo isina simba kune magineti minda inobatsira.

3. Diamagnetic Zvishandiso:

Diamagnetic zvinhu, mukupesana neferromagnetic uye paramagnetic zvinhu, zvinodzorwa nemagineti minda. Kana yakafumurwa kune magineti, diamagnetic zvinhu zvinogadzira isina kusimba inopikisa magineti, zvichiita kuti isasundirwe kure nekwaibva munda. Mienzaniso yakajairika yemidziyo yediamagnetic inosanganisira mhangura, bismuth, uye mvura. Nepo iyo diamagnetic mhedzisiro isina kusimba kana ichienzaniswa neferromagnetism uye paramagnetism, ine zvakakosha muminda senge zvinhu zvesainzi uye tekinoroji yekuvhiya.

4. Ferrimagnetic Materials:

Ferrimagnetic zvinhu zvinoratidza hunhu hwemagineti yakafanana neferromagnetic zvinhu asi zvine magineti akasiyana. Mune ferrimagnetic zvinhu, ma sublattice maviri enguva dzemagineti anowirirana mumativi akasiyana, zvichikonzera mambure magineti nguva. Uku kumisikidzwa kunopa kusimuka kwechigarire magnetization, kunyangwe kazhinji isina kusimba pane iyo yezvinhu zveferromagnetic. Ferrites, kirasi yezvigadzirwa zveceramic zvine iron oxide compounds, mienzaniso inocherechedzwa yezvinhu zveferrimagnetic. Iwo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumagetsi, nharembozha, uye microwave zvishandiso nekuda kwemagineti nemagetsi zvivakwa.

5. Antiferromagnetic Materials:

Antiferromagnetic zvinhu zvinoratidzira kurongeka kwemagineti umo magineti nguva dziri padyo dzinoenderana neantiparallel kune imwe neimwe, zvichikonzera kudzimwa kweiyo nguva yemagineti. Nekuda kweizvozvo, antiferromagnetic zvinhu kazhinji hazviratidzi macroscopic magnetization. Manganese oxide uye chromium mienzaniso yeantiferromagnetic zvinhu. Kunyange vangasawana mashandisirwo akananga mumagineti matekinoroji, antiferromagnetic zvinhu zvinotora basa rakakosha mukutsvagisa kwakakosha uye kuvandudzwa kwespintronics, bazi remagetsi rinoshandisa kutenderera kwemaerekitironi.