Nibihe bikoresho bitandukanye bya rukuruzi?

Magnetism, imbaraga zifatika za kamere, zigaragarira mubikoresho bitandukanye, buri kimwe gifite imiterere yihariye kandiPorogaramu. Gusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho bya magneti nibyingenzi mubice bitandukanye, harimo fiziki, ubwubatsi, nikoranabuhanga. Reka twinjire mu isi ishimishije y'ibikoresho bya magneti hanyuma dusuzume ibiranga, ibyiciro, n'imikoreshereze ifatika.

1. Ibikoresho bya ferromagnetiki:

Ibikoresho bya ferromagnetic byerekana imbaraga kandiguhora rukuruzi, kabone niyo hatabaho magnetiki yo hanze. Icyuma, nikel, na cobalt ni urugero rwiza rwibikoresho bya ferromagnetic. Ibi bikoresho bifite ibihe bya magnetique bidatinze bihuza icyerekezo kimwe, bigakora imbaraga rusange muri rusange. Ibikoresho bya ferromagnetiki bikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho nkibikoresho byo kubika magnetiki, moteri yamashanyarazi, hamwe na transformateur kubera imbaraga za rukuruzi zikomeye.

2. Ibikoresho bya Paramagnetic:

Ibikoresho bya paramagnetique bikurura imbaraga za magnetique kandi bikerekana magnetisiyasi yigihe gito iyo ihuye nimirima. Bitandukanye nibikoresho bya ferromagnetiki, ibikoresho bya paramagnetic ntibigumana magnetisiyasi iyo ikibanza cyo hanze kimaze gukurwaho. Ibintu nka aluminium, platine, na ogisijeni ni paramagnetike bitewe no kuba hari electroni zidakozwe neza, zihuza n'umwanya wa rukuruzi zo hanze ariko zigasubira mu cyerekezo kidasanzwe iyo umurima umaze gukurwaho. Ibikoresho bya paramagnetic bisanga porogaramu mumashini ya magnetiki resonance yerekana amashusho (MRI), aho intege nke zabo kumashanyarazi zikoreshwa.

3. Ibikoresho bya Diamagnetic:

Ibikoresho bya diamagnetic, bitandukanye nibikoresho bya ferromagnetic na paramagnetique, byangwa numurima wa magneti. Iyo ihuye na magnetique, ibikoresho bya diamagnetic biteza imbere imbaraga za magnetique zirwanya imbaraga, bigatuma zisunikwa kure yisoko yumurima. Ingero zisanzwe zibikoresho bya diamagnetic zirimo umuringa, bismuth, namazi. Nubwo ingaruka za diamagnetic zifite intege nke ugereranije na ferromagnetism na paramagnetisme, ifite uruhare runini mubice nkibikoresho bya siyansi nubuhanga bwogukoresha.

4. Ibikoresho bya Ferrimagnetic:

Ibikoresho bya ferrimagnetiki byerekana imyitwarire ya magnetiki isa nibikoresho bya ferromagnetic ariko bifite imiterere ya magneti. Mubikoresho bya ferrimagnetic, sublattice ebyiri zigihe cya magneti zihuza muburyo butandukanye, bikavamo umwanya wa magneti. Iboneza ritanga magnetisiyasi ihoraho, nubwo mubisanzwe ari intege nke kurenza ibikoresho bya ferromagnetic. Ferrites, icyiciro cyibikoresho byubutaka birimo ibyuma bya okiside ya fer, ni ingero zigaragara z ibikoresho bya ferrimagnetic. Zikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki, itumanaho, nibikoresho bya microwave bitewe na magnetique na mashanyarazi.

5. Ibikoresho bya antifirromagnetiki:

Ibikoresho bya antifirromagnetiki byerekana uburyo bwa magnetiki butondekanya aho ibihe bya magnetiki byegeranye bihuza ibangikanye, bikavamo guhagarika umwanya rusange wa magneti. Nkigisubizo, antifirromagnetic ibikoresho mubisanzwe ntabwo byerekana magnetisiki ya macroscopique. Okiside ya Manganese na chromium ni ingero z'ibikoresho bya antifirromagnetic. Mugihe badashobora kubona uburyo butaziguye muburyo bwa tekinoroji ya magnetiki, ibikoresho bya antifirromagnetique bigira uruhare runini mubushakashatsi bwibanze no guteza imbere spintronics, ishami rya elegitoroniki rikoresha izunguruka rya electron.