Udushya muri Neodymium Magnet Technology

Imashini ya Neodymium (NdFeB) - rukuruzi zikomeye zihoraho ku isi - zahinduye inganda kuva ingufu zisukuye kugeza kuri elegitoroniki y’abaguzi. Ariko nkuko ibyifuzo bigenda byiyongera kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi (EVs), turbine yumuyaga, hamwe na robo yateye imbere, magneti gakondo ya NdFeB ahura nibibazo: kwishingikiriza kubintu bidasanzwe-isi (REEs), imipaka yimikorere mubihe bikabije, hamwe nibidukikije.

Injira kumurongoudushya muri tekinoroji ya neodymium. Kuva mubikorwa bya siyansi yibintu kugeza mubikorwa bya AI, iri terambere ririmo guhindura uburyo dushushanya, kubyara, no gukoresha ibyo bice byingenzi. Iyi blog irasesengura ibyagezweho nubushobozi bwabo bwo kwihutisha inzibacyuho.

1. Kugabanya Ibidasanzwe-Isi

Ikibazo: Dysprosium na terbium - ingenzi cyane kugirango ubushyuhe bwo hejuru butajegajega - bihenze, gake, kandi bishobora guteza akaga muri geopolitike (90% biva mubushinwa).

Udushya:

• Dysprosium-Magnets idafite:

Toyota na Daido Steel bakoze agukwirakwiza inganoinzira, gutwikira magnesi hamwe na dysprosium gusa ahantu hakunze guhangayika. Ibi bigabanya dysprosium ikoreshwa na 50% mugihe ukomeza imikorere.

• Cerium Yumuvuduko Ukomeye:

Abashakashatsi bo muri Laboratwari ya Oak Ridge basimbuye neodymium na cerium (REE nyinshi cyane) muri magneti ya Hybrid, babigeraho80% byimbaraga gakondokimwe cya kabiri cyigiciro.

 

2. Kongera Ubushyuhe bwo Kurwanya

Ikibazo: Magneti NdFeB asanzwe atakaza imbaraga hejuru ya 80 ° C, bikagabanya imikoreshereze ya moteri ya EV hamwe nimashini zinganda.

Udushya:

• Imashini ya HiTREX:

Hitachi Metals 'MurahoUrukurikirane rukora kuri200 ° C.+ mugutezimbere ingano no kongeramo cobalt. Ubu magnesi zikoresha moteri ya Model 3 ya Tesla, ituma intera ndende kandi yihuta.

• Gukora inyongeramusaruro:

Imashini yacapishijwe 3D hamwe naimiterere ya nanoscalegukwirakwiza ubushyuhe neza, kuzamura ubushyuhe bwumuriro na30%.

 

3. Umusaruro urambye & Gusubiramo

Ikibazo: Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro butanga imyanda y'ubumara; munsi ya 1% ya magnet ya NdFeB yongeye gukoreshwa.

Udushya:

• Gukoresha hydrogène (HPMS):

HyProMag ikorera mu Bwongereza ikoreshaGutunganya hydrogène yo gusiba Magnet (HPMS) gukuramo no gusubiramo magnesi muri e-imyanda nta gihombo cyiza. Ubu buryo bugabanya gukoresha ingufu na90%n'ubucukuzi bwa gakondo.

• Gutunganya icyatsi:

Ibigo nka Noveon Magnetics ikoreshaamashanyarazi adafite amashanyarazi gutunganya REEs, gukuraho imyanda ya aside no kugabanya ikoreshwa ryamazi na70%.

 

4. Miniaturisation & Precision

Ikibazo: Ibikoresho byegeranye (urugero, kwambara, drone) bisaba magnesi ntoya, ikomeye.

Udushya:

• Imashini ifatanye:

Kuvanga ifu ya NdFeB hamwe na polymers ikora ultra-thin, magnesi yoroheje ya AirPods hamwe nubuvuzi. Magnequench ihujwe na magnesi zigeraho40% hejuru ya magnetiki fluxmuburebure bwa milimetero.

• Ibishushanyo mbonera bya AI:

Siemens ikoresha imashini yiga imashini yigana imiterere ya magneti kugirango ikorwe neza. Imashini zabo za AI zakozwe na rotor yazamuye umuyaga wa turbine15%.

5. Kurwanya Ruswa & Kuramba
Ikibazo: Magnet ya NdFeB yangirika byoroshye mubushuhe cyangwa aside.

Udushya:

• Diyama isa na Carbone (DLC) Ipfunyika:

Abayapani batangiye bambara amakarito hamweDLC—Icyoroshye, ultra-hard-layer igabanya ruswa kuri 95% mugihe wongeyeho uburemere buke.

• Kwikiza Polimeri:

Abashakashatsi ba MIT bashyizemo microcapsules yimiti ikiza muri magnet. Iyo ushushanyije, capsules irekura firime ikingira, ikongerera igihe3x.

 

6. Ibikurikira-Gen Porogaramu
Magneti mashya arafungura tekinoroji ya futuristic:

 

• Gukonjesha Magnetic:

Sisitemu ya Magnetocaloric ikoresheje ibinyobwa bya NdFeB isimbuza firigo ya gaze ya parike. Cooltech Porogaramu ya firigo ya magnetiki igabanya ingufu zikoreshwa na40%.

• Kwishyuza Wireless:

Isosiyete ya MagSafe ya Apple ikoresha nano-kristalline NdFeB kugirango ihuze neza, igerweho75% byihusekuruta ibiceri gakondo.

• Kubara Quantum:

Ultra-stabilite ya NdFeB ya magnet ituma igenzura neza qubits mugutunganya kwant, ikintu cyingenzi kuri IBM na Google.

 

Inzitizi & Icyerekezo kizaza

Mugihe udushya twinshi, inzitizi ziracyari:

• Igiciro:Ubuhanga buhanitse nka HPMS na AI buracyafite igiciro cyo kwakirwa na benshi.
• Ibipimo ngenderwaho:Sisitemu yo gutunganya ibura ibura ibikorwa remezo byo gukusanya no gutunganya.

Umuhanda uri imbere:

1. Iminyururu yo gufunga-gufunga:Abakora amamodoka nka BMW bagamije gukoresha100% byongeye gukoreshwarukuruzi muri 2030.
2. Imashini ishingiye kuri bio:Abashakashatsi barimo kugerageza na bagiteri kugirango bakure REE mumazi mabi.
3. Ubucukuzi bw'ikirere:Gutangira nka AstroForge ishakisha ubucukuzi bwa asteroide kubutaka budasanzwe, nubwo ibi bikomeje kuba impimbano.

Umwanzuro: Magnets kuri Green, Isi Yubwenge

Guhanga udushya muri tekinoroji ya neodymium ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa bikomeye cyangwa bito-ahubwo ni ukongera gutekereza ku buryo burambye. Mu kugabanya gushingira ku mutungo muke, kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, no gutuma habaho iterambere mu mbaraga zisukuye no kubara, iri terambere ni ingenzi mu kugera ku ntego z’ikirere ku isi.

Kubucuruzi, gukomeza imbere bisobanura gufatanya nabashya no gushora imari muri R&D. Ku baguzi, biributsa ko na rukuruzi ntoya ishobora kugira ingaruka zitari nziza ku isi yacu.