Maginito a Neodymium ndi maginito a Hematite ndi zinthu ziwiri zodziwika bwino zamaginito, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo awo. Maginito a Neodymium ndi a Rare-earth magnet, omwe amapangidwa ndi neodymium, chitsulo, boron ndi zinthu zina. Ali ndi maginito amphamvu, mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana dzimbiri, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu injini, jenereta, zida zamawu ndi zina. Maginito a Hematite ndi mtundu wa zinthu zamaginito zamtundu wa ore, zomwe zimapangidwa makamaka ndi hematite yokhala ndi miyala yachitsulo. Ali ndi mphamvu zamaginito zocheperako komanso zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzinthu zamaginito zachikhalidwe, zida zosungira deta ndi zina.M'nkhaniyi, makhalidwe ndi ntchito za Neodymium maginito ndi Hematite maginito tikambirana mozama, ndipo kusiyana awo adzafaniziridwa.

Ⅰ.Makhalidwe ndi Kugwiritsa ntchito maginito a Neodymium:

A.Makhalidwe a Neodymium maginito:

Mapangidwe a Chemical:Neodymium maginito imakhala ndi neodymium (Nd), chitsulo (Fe) ndi zinthu zina. Zomwe zili mu neodymium nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa 24% ndi 34%, pomwe zomwe zili muchitsulo zimakhala zambiri. Kuphatikiza pa neodymium ndi chitsulo, maginito a Neodymium amathanso kukhala ndi zinthu zina, monga boron (B) ndi zinthu zina zosowa zapadziko lapansi, kuti zisinthe maginito ake.

Magnetism:Maginito a Neodymium ndi amodzi mwa maginito amphamvu kwambiri omwe amadziwika pakali pano. Ili ndi maginito apamwamba kwambiri, omwe amatha kufika pamlingo womwe maginito ena sangathe kukwaniritsa. Izi zimapereka maginito abwino kwambiri ndipo ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafunikira maginito apamwamba.

Kukakamiza:Neodymium maginito ali ndi High Coercivity, kutanthauza kuti ali ndi mphamvu maginito kukana ndi kukameta ubweya. Pogwiritsa ntchito, maginito a Neodymium amatha kusunga maginito ake ndipo samakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi mphamvu yakunja ya maginito.

Kulimbana ndi corrosion:Kukana dzimbiri kwa maginito a Neodymium nthawi zambiri kumakhala koipa, kotero kuchiza pamwamba, monga electroplating kapena kutentha, nthawi zambiri kumafunika kuti kukhale kolimba. Izi zitha kuonetsetsa kuti maginito a Neodymium sagwidwa ndi dzimbiri komanso okosijeni akagwiritsidwa ntchito.

B. Kugwiritsa ntchito maginito a Neodymium:

Galimoto ndi jenereta: Neodymium maginito amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mota ndi jenereta chifukwa cha magnetization ake apamwamba komanso Kukakamiza. Neodymium maginito amatha kupereka mphamvu ya maginito, kuti ma mota ndi ma jenereta azikhala ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.

Zida zamayimbidwe: Neodymium maginito imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazida zamayimbidwe, monga zokuzira mawu ndi mahedifoni. Mphamvu yake ya maginito imatha kutulutsa mawu apamwamba komanso zomveka bwino.Zida zamankhwala: Neodymium maginito imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pazida zamankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, mu zida za maginito (MRI), maginito a Neodymium amatha kupanga maginito okhazikika ndikupereka zithunzi zapamwamba.

Makampani apamlengalenga: M'makampani opanga ndege, maginito a Neodymium amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga njira zoyendetsera ndege, monga gyroscope ndi zida zowongolera. Maginito ake apamwamba komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri kumapangitsa kukhala chisankho choyenera.

Pomaliza, chifukwa cha mankhwala ake apadera komanso mawonekedwe ake abwino kwambiri,Maginito osowa padziko lapansi a neodymiumimagwira ntchito yofunikira m'magawo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, makamaka pamakina amagetsi, zida zamayimbidwe, zida zamankhwala ndi mafakitale apamlengalenga. M'pofunikanso kuonetsetsa ntchito ndi moyo waNeodymium maginito apadera, wongolerani kutentha kwake ndikutenga njira zoyenera zolimbana ndi dzimbiri.

Ⅱ.Makhalidwe ndi Kugwiritsa ntchito maginito a Hematite:

A. Khalidwe la Hematite maginito:

Mapangidwe a Chemical:Maginito a Hematite amapangidwa makamaka ndi miyala yachitsulo, yomwe ili ndi okusayidi yachitsulo ndi zinthu zina zodetsa. Kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala ndi Fe3O4, yomwe ndi okusayidi yachitsulo.

Magnetism: Hematite maginito ali zolimbitsa maginito ndipo ndi wa ofooka maginito chuma. Pamene mphamvu ya maginito yakunja ilipo, maginito a Hematite adzatulutsa maginito ndipo amatha kukopa zipangizo zamaginito.

Kukakamiza: Hematite maginito ali ndi otsika Coercivity, ndiye kuti, imafunika yaing'ono kunja maginito maginito kuti magnetize izo. Izi zimapangitsa maginito a Hematite kukhala osinthika komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zina.

Kulimbana ndi corrosion: Maginito a Hematite ndi okhazikika m'malo owuma, koma amatha kuwonongeka m'malo onyowa kapena achinyontho. Chifukwa chake, muzinthu zina, maginito a Hematite amafunikira chithandizo chapamwamba kapena zokutira kuti apititse patsogolo kukana kwa dzimbiri.

B. Kugwiritsa ntchito maginito a Hematite

Zida zamaginito zachikhalidwe: Maginito a Hematite nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zamaginito zachikhalidwe, monga maginito a firiji, zomata maginito, etc. Chifukwa cha maginito ake odziletsa komanso otsika Coercivity, maginito a Hematite ndi osavuta kudsorbed pamtunda wazitsulo kapena zinthu zina zamaginito, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kukonza zinthu, zida za minofu ndi ntchito zina.

Zida zosungira deta:Hematite maginito imakhalanso ndi ntchito zina pazida zosungiramo deta. Mwachitsanzo, mu hard disk drives, maginito a Hematite amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zigawo za maginito pa disk kuti asunge deta.

Zida zojambulira zachipatala: Maginito a Hematite amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pazida zojambulira zamankhwala, monga machitidwe a maginito a resonance imaging (MRI). Hematite maginito angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati maginito jenereta mu MRI dongosolo kupanga ndi kulamulira maginito, motero kuzindikira chithunzi cha minofu ya anthu.

Pomaliza: Hematite maginito ali zolimbitsa maginito, ndi otsika Coercivity ndi kukana dzimbiri. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zamaginito zachikhalidwe, zida zosungiramo deta, komanso kujambula kwachipatala. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa maginito ndi magwiridwe antchito ake, maginito a Hematite sali oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zina zomwe zimafunikira maginito apamwamba komanso zofunikira pakuchita.

Pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa maginito a Neodymium ndi maginito a Hematite pamapangidwe amankhwala, maginito ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito.Neodymium maginito amapangidwa ndi neodymium ndi chitsulo, ndi mphamvu maginito ndi mkulu Coercivity. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo monga zida zoyendetsa maginito, maginito, maginito maginito, ndi ma mota ochita bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa maginito a Neodymium amatha kupanga maginito amphamvu, amatha kusintha mphamvu zamagetsi ndi mphamvu, kupereka maginito abwino, ndikuwongolera mphamvu ndi mphamvu zamagalimoto.Hematite maginito makamaka wopangidwa ndi chitsulo, ndipo chigawo chachikulu ndi Fe3O4. Lili ndi maginito odziletsa komanso Otsika Coercivity. Maginito a Hematite amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zamaginito zachikhalidwe komanso zida zina zowonera zamankhwala. Komabe, kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa maginito a Hematite ndikocheperako, ndipo chithandizo chapamwamba kapena zokutira zimafunikira kuti zithandizire kukana dzimbiri.

Mwachidule, pali kusiyana pakati pa maginito a Neodymium ndi maginito a Hematite pamapangidwe amankhwala, maginito ndi magawo ogwiritsira ntchito. Maginito a Neodymium amagwira ntchito kumadera omwe amafunikira mphamvu ya maginito komanso Kukakamiza kwakukulu, pomwe maginito a Hematite amagwira ntchito pakupanga zinthu zamaginito zachikhalidwe komanso zida zofananira zamankhwala.Ngati mukufuna kugulacountersunk neodymium chikho maginito,chonde tilankhule nafe ASAP.Fakitale yathu ili ndi zambirimaginito a countersunk neodymium ogulitsa.