Kodi Mphamvu ya Magnet imayesedwa bwanji?

Maginito akhala zinthu zochititsa chidwi kwa zaka mazana ambiri, akukopa asayansi ndi okonda mofanana ndi luso lawo lodabwitsa lokopa zinthu zina. Kuchokera pa singano za kampasi zomwe zimatsogolera ofufuza akale mpaka kuukadaulo wamakono, maginito amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo wathu. Koma timawerengera bwanji mphamvu za izimaginito minda? Kodi timayesa bwanji mphamvu ya maginito? Tiyeni tifufuze njira ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powerengera mphamvu ya maginito.

Magnetic Field Mphamvu

Mphamvu ya maginito imatsimikiziridwa ndi mphamvu ya maginito, malo ozungulira maginito kumene mphamvu yake imamveka. Munda uwu umaimiridwa ndi mizere ya mphamvu, yochokera kumtunda wa kumpoto kwa maginito mpaka kumwera kwake. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa mizere iyi, mphamvu ya maginito imalimba.

Gauss ndi Tesla: Mayunitsi Oyezera

Kuti adziwe mphamvu ya maginito, asayansi amagwiritsa ntchito miyeso iwiri yayikulu: Gauss ndi Tesla.

Gauss (G): Wotchedwa katswiri wa masamu waku Germany Carl Friedrich Gauss, gawoli limayesa kuchuluka kwa maginito kapena kulowetsa maginito. Gauss imodzi ndi yofanana ndi Maxwell m'modzi pa lalikulu sentimita. Komabe, chifukwa chakuchepa kwa Gauss, makamaka masiku ano, asayansi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Tesla kuti apange maginito amphamvu.

Tesla (T): Wotchulidwa polemekeza woyambitsa wa ku Serbian-America ndi injiniya wamagetsi Nikola Tesla, gawoli likuyimira kuchulukira kwa maginito kokulirapo poyerekeza ndi Gauss. Tesla imodzi ndi yofanana ndi 10,000 Gauss, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale gawo lothandiza kwambiri poyezera maginito amphamvu, monga omwe amapangidwa ndi maginito amphamvu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zasayansi kapena mafakitale.

Magnetometers

Magnetometer ndi zida zomwe zimapangidwira kuyeza mphamvu ndi momwe maginito amayendera. Zida zimenezi zimabwera m’njira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pa makampasi osavuta kugwira m’manja mpaka pa zipangizo zamakono za labotale. Nayi mitundu yodziwika bwino yama magnetometers omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza mphamvu ya maginito:

1. Magnetometers a Fluxgate: Maginitometerwa amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za electromagnetic induction kuyesa kusintha kwa maginito. Amakhala ndi maginito amodzi kapena angapo ozunguliridwa ndi ma waya. Ikakumana ndi mphamvu ya maginito, ma cores amapangidwa ndi maginito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azitha kuyeza ndikuwongolera mphamvu ya maginito.

2. Hall Mmene Magnetometers: Ma magnetometer a Hall effect amadalira mphamvu ya Hall, yomwe imalongosola m'badwo wa kusiyana kwa voteji (Voliyumu ya Hall) kudutsa kondakitala yamagetsi pamene imayendetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imagwirizana ndi kayendedwe kamakono. Poyezera voteji iyi, Hall effect magnetometers imatha kudziwa mphamvu ya maginito.

3. SQUID Magnetometers: Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometers ndi ena mwa maginito tcheru omwe alipo. Amagwira ntchito potengera kuchuluka kwa ma superconductors, kuwalola kuti azitha kuzindikira maginito ofooka kwambiri, mpaka pamlingo wa femtoteslas (10 ^ -15 Tesla).

Calibration ndi Standardization

Kuti mutsimikizire miyeso yolondola, ma magnetometers amayenera kusanjidwa bwino ndikukhazikika. Kuyesa kumaphatikizapo kuyerekeza kutulutsa kwa magnetometer ndi mphamvu zodziwika za maginito kuti tipeze mgwirizano pakati pa zomwe zidawerengedwa ndi maginito enieni. Kuyimitsidwa kumawonetsetsa kuti miyeso yotengedwa ndi ma magnetometer osiyanasiyana ndi yofanana komanso yofananira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Magnetometry

Kutha kuyeza mphamvu ya maginito molondola kumakhala ndi ntchito zambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana:

Geophysics: Magnetometers amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzira mphamvu ya maginito ya dziko lapansi, yomwe imapereka chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza mapangidwe ndi mapangidwe a mkati mwa dziko lapansi.

Navigation: Makampasi, mtundu wa magnetometer, akhala zida zofunika pakuyenda kuyambira nthawi zakale, kuthandiza amalinyero ndi ofufuza kupeza njira yawo kudutsa nyanja zazikulu.

Sayansi Yazinthu: Magnetometry amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikiritsamaginito zipangizondikuphunzira za katundu wawo, zofunika pa chitukuko cha matekinoloje monga zipangizo maginito yosungirako ndi maginito resonance imaging (MRI) makina.

Kufufuza kwa Space: Magnetometers amatumizidwa pamlengalenga kuti afufuze mphamvu za maginito za zinthu zakuthambo, ndikupereka chidziwitso pakupanga kwawo komanso mbiri yakale.

Mapeto

Kuyeza mphamvu ya maginito ndikofunikira kuti timvetsetse momwe maginito amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana. Kupyolera mu magawo monga Gauss ndi Tesla ndi zida ngati maginitometers, asayansi amatha kuwerengera molondola mphamvu ya maginito, ndikutsegula njira yopita patsogolo muukadaulo, kufufuza, ndi kafukufuku wasayansi. Pamene kumvetsetsa kwathu kwa maginito kukukulirakulira, momwemonso tidzatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake kuti tipindule ndi anthu.