Kuchepetsa Maginito Amphamvu

 Kodi N'chiyani Chimachititsa Kuti Maginito Agwire Ntchito Yamphamvu?

Akadaulo akamatchula maginito kuti "yamphamvu," nthawi zambiri sakhazikika pa nambala imodzi yokha kuchokera pa pepala. Mphamvu zenizeni za maginito zimachokera ku kugwirizana kwa katundu wambiri muzochitika zenizeni-ndipo ndi kusakaniza kumeneku komwe kumalekanitsa machitidwe amalingaliro ndi ogwira mtima omwe mungadalire pochita.

Zinthu zingapo zolumikizidwa zimatsimikizira magwiridwe antchito enieni:

Choyamba ndi remanence (Br), yomwe imawerengera mphamvu ya maginito yomwe maginito imasunga ikachotsedwa pagawo lake lamagetsi. Ganizirani ngati maginito "yomata m'munsi" - mphamvu yoyambira yomwe imamatira ku zipangizo za ferromagnetic pakapita nthawi yoyamba ya maginito yatha. Popanda kukhazikika kokwanira, ngakhale maginito opangidwira mphamvu amavutika kuti agwiritse ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mukayika maginito onse okhazikika omwe alipo lero, mitundu ya neodymium imangotuluka patsogolo pazachikhalidwe monga ferrite ndi alnico pamiyezo yonseyi.

Kodi Sayansi Imatsatira Kupambana kwa Neodymium?

Chiyambireni zochitika m'zaka za m'ma 1980, maginito a neodymium asintha momwe angapangire momwe malo alili olimba koma mphamvu ya maginito sangathe kusokonezedwa. Kuthekera kwawo kwapadera kumachokera mkati mwa mamangidwe awo a atomiki:

Makonzedwe apadera a tetragonal crystal mu NdFeB amapanga zinthu zomwe asayansi amazitcha magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Mwachidziwitso, izi zikutanthauza kuti maginito amkati mwachilengedwe amalumikizana motsatira njira yomwe amakonda, ndikupanga mphamvu yodabwitsa.

Maginitowa amabweretsa kutsitsimuka komanso kukakamiza kodziwika patebulo, kuwapangitsa kukhalabe ndi mphamvu zamaginito pamene akuyimilira kupsinjika kwa demagnetization. Kuchita bwino kumeneku kumakhala kothandiza makamaka pamapulogalamu osinthika pomwe zinthu sizikhala bwino.

neodymium maginito kwambiri kuposa samarium-cobalt, alnico, ndi ferrite mpikisano. Kuphatikizika kwamphamvu kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti magulu a mainjiniya akhazikitse mayankho ang'onoang'ono, osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

Chifukwa Chake Maonekedwe a Rectangular Amagwira Ntchito Bwino Kwambiri?

Maginito a rectangular neodymiumzakhala zokondedwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana momwe magwiridwe antchito amayenera kukhalira limodzi ndi zofunikira zogwirira ntchito. Ma geometry awo ngati block amapereka mapindu angapo owoneka:

Malo osalala kwambiri amakulitsa kukhudzana ndi zida za ferromagnetic, kupanga zomatira zamphamvu kuposa mawonekedwe opindika kapena osakhazikika omwe amatha kukwaniritsa.

Mizere yoyera ndi ngodya zakuthwa zimathandizira kuphatikizika kwa zida zamafakitale ndi zinthu za ogula, kupangitsa kukulitsa ndi kuyanjanitsa.

Msikawu umapereka maginito a neodymium a rectangular m'makalasi angapo ochitira (nthawi zambiri N35 mpaka N52) pambali pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yopangira (monga faifi tambala, zinki, ndi epoxy) kuti athane ndi malo osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito.

Kufotokozera Njira Zopangira

Opanga nthawi zambiri amapanga maginito a neodymium kudzera m'njira ziwiri:

Njira yopangira sintering imayamba ndikusungunula zinthu zosaphika, kuzisintha kukhala ufa wosalala, kuphatikizika pansi pa maginito, kenako kusungunula ndi kukonza molondola. Njirayi imakwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito apamwamba kwambiri koma imafuna kuwongolera kokhazikika pakupanga mbewu zazing'ono panthawi yonse yolenga.

Kupanga maginito omangika kumaphatikiza tinthu tating'ono ta maginito ndi zomangira za pulasitiki musanapangire. Maginito otulutsa, ngakhale osalimba komanso osinthika, nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kutsika kwa maginito poyerekeza ndi masinthidwe a sintered.

Kwa maginito a neodymium a rectangular, opanga mafakitale amatsamira kwambiri njira zopangira sintering chifukwa njirayi imasunga miyeso yeniyeni ndikutsimikizira zotsatira zamtundu wapamwamba - zinthu ziwiri zomwe ziyenera kukhala nazo pakugwiritsa ntchito akatswiri.

Zofunika Zothandiza

Ngakhale ma sheet atsatanetsatane amapereka chitsogozo chothandiza, malo oyika enieni amayambitsa zosintha zina:

Maginito wamba a neodymium amayamba kuwonongeka kwanthawi zonse kutentha kupitilira 80°C. Pazigawo zotentha, opanga amapanga magiredi apadera omwe amaphatikizapo dysprosium kapena terbium zowonjezera.

Bare NdFeB maginito amakhala atengeke dzimbiri ndi dzimbiri. Malo otetezedwa akusintha kuchoka pazida zowonjezera kukhala zofunikira, makamaka m'malo achinyezi kapena okhala ndi mankhwala.

Ngakhale kuti maginito ali ndi mphamvu, maginito a neodymium amasonyeza kufooka kowoneka bwino. Kusamalira mosasamala kapena kukhudzidwa pakukhazikitsa kumatha kutulutsa tchipisi kapena fractures, zomwe zimafuna kuyika mwadala.

Magawo Ovomerezeka Ogwiritsa Ntchito

Ukwati wamphamvu wa mphamvu ya maginito komanso kapangidwe kabwino ka malo kumapangitsa maginito a rectangular neodymium kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito zambiri:

Makampani amagetsi amawalowetsa m'ma speaker, zida zosungiramo zinthu, ndi masensa omwe ali ndi malo osowa.

Makina opangira makina amafakitale amawapanga kukhala zida zolekanitsira, zida zogwirira ntchito molondola, ndi zida zotsatirira malo.

Opanga magalimoto amawasankha kuti aziwongolera magetsi, ma EV powertrains, ndi ntchito zowonera.

Mapulojekiti amagetsi amphepo amawagwiritsa ntchito mkati mwa milu ya jenereta momwe kudalirika komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu.

Opanga zida zamankhwala amaziphatikiza m'makina ojambulira ndi zida zapadera zogwirira ntchito.

Njira Zosankhira Mwanzeru

Kusankha maginito abwino kumaphatikizapo kusinthasintha zinthu zingapo:

Ngakhale masukulu apamwamba amapereka mphamvu zambiri, nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kufooka kwakukulu. Kusankha maginito okulirapo, otsika nthawi zina kumabweretsa moyo wautali komanso luso lachuma.

Malo ogwirira ntchito amayenera kusankha zosankha zomatira. Madivelopa akuyenera kuyang'ana momwe angakhudzire kunyowa, zinthu zowononga, komanso makwapu akamatola zoteteza.

Gwirizanani ndi opanga omwe amapereka zitsanzo zowona, kubweza ma prototyping omveka bwino, ndikugawana chidziwitso chaukadaulo kuti musinthe mapangidwe achitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito.

Zofunikira Zachitetezo

Mphamvu yodziwika bwino ya maginitowa imabweretsa zofuna zapadera:

Kukopa kwawo kwambiri kumatha kutulutsa mabala akulu kwambiri kapena kupanga zidutswa za projectile ngati maginito agundana panthawi yakusintha.

Sungani maginito amphamvu kutali ndi zamagetsi, zida zamankhwala zobzalidwa, ndi malo osungira maginito kuti mupewe kuvulaza kapena kusokoneza.

Gwiritsani ntchito zida zoyenera zotetezera nthawi zonse - makamaka zovala zosagwira maso ndi magolovesi akumafakitale - pokweza kapena kuyang'anira maginitowa.

Muyeso Weniweni wa Mphamvu Zamagetsi

"Maginito amphamvu" kwenikweni amapereka zambiri kuposa manambala owoneka bwino a labotale - imapereka magwiridwe antchito odalirika panthawi yogwirira ntchito. Maginito a rectangular neodymium apeza udindo wawo ngati zida zomwe amakonda kuti azigwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu yamaginito, kuphatikizika, komanso kusinthasintha kwa kasinthidwe. Pozindikira mphamvu zawo, zopinga zawo, ndi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito bwino, akatswiri aukadaulo ndi othandizira ogula atha kufikira mfundo zomwe zimathandizira kudalirika kwazinthu zonse komanso magwiridwe antchito.

Pakugwiritsa ntchito mwapadera maginito - makamaka omwe amagwiritsa ntchito maginito a neodymium - kupanga maubwenzi ogwirizana ndi opereka maginito odziwa zambiri nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa zotulukapo zabwino kwambiri zaukadaulo komanso kufunika kwa polojekiti.