Zovuta ndi Mwayi Kwa Othandizira Magnet a Neodymium ku China

China ndiyo imayang'anira padziko lonse lapansi maginito a neodymium, kupereka zinthu zofunika ku mafakitale osawerengeka monga zamagalimoto, zamagetsi ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Komabe, ngakhale utsogoleriwu umabweretsa zabwino, umaperekanso zovuta zazikulu kwa ogulitsa aku China. Mubulogu iyi, tikuwunika zopinga ndi mwayi womwe ogulitsa maginito aku China a neodymium akukumana nawo.

 

1. Kufuna Padziko Lonse ndi Kupanikizika Kwapadziko Lonse

 

Zovuta:

Kuchulukirachulukira padziko lonse lapansi kwa maginito a neodymium, makamaka m'magawo amagetsi amagetsi (EV) ndi magawo amagetsi ongowonjezwdzw, kwadzetsa chitsenderezo chachikulu pamayendedwe aku China a neodymium. Pamene mafakitale apadziko lonse akuyang'ana ogulitsa odalirika, pali kufunikira kowonjezereka kuti ateteze gwero lokhazikika la zinthu zachilendo zapadziko lapansi monga neodymium, dysprosium ndi praseodymium.

 

Mwayi:

Monga wopanga zinthu zambiri zapadziko lapansi, China ili ndi mwayi wabwino. Msika womwe ukukulirakulira wa EV komanso magawo amagetsi ongowonjezwdwa amapatsa ogulitsa aku China mwayi wolimbitsa udindo wawo pakukulitsa kupanga kuti akwaniritse zomwe zikukula padziko lonse lapansi.

 

2. Nkhani Zachilengedwe ndi Zokhazikika

 

Zovuta:

Kukumba ndi kukonza zinthu zapadziko lapansi zosowa ndizofunikira kuti pakhale maginito a neodymium, koma nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe. Dziko la China ladzudzulidwa chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe ndi ntchito zake zosawerengeka za migodi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malamulo okhwima okhudza migodi ndi kupanga. Zosintha zamalamulo izi zitha kuchepetsa kuperekera ndikuwonjezera mtengo.

 

Mwayi:

Kukula koyang'ana pakukhazikika kumapatsa ogulitsa aku China mwayi wopanga ndi kutengera njira zobiriwira. Poikapo ndalama pazaumisiri waukhondo ndi ntchito zokonzanso zinthu, sangachepetse kuopsa kwa chilengedwe komanso kukulitsa mbiri yawo padziko lonse lapansi. Makampani omwe amadziyika okha ngati otsogola pakukonza dziko losowa kwambiri atha kukhala ndi mwayi wampikisano.

 

3. Kupititsa patsogolo Zamakono ndi Zatsopano

 

Zovuta:

Kuti mukhalebe ndi mwayi wampikisano pamsika wa neodymium maginito, kusinthika kosalekeza kumafunika. Maginito amtundu wa neodymium amakumana ndi zoletsa monga brittleness ndi kutentha. Otsatsa amayenera kuyika ndalama mu R&D kuti athane ndi zovuta zaukadaulo izi, makamaka momwe makampani amalimbikitsira maginito amphamvu, osamva kutentha.

 

Mwayi:

Ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama mu R&D, ogulitsa aku China ali ndi mwayi wotsogola pakupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wamaginito. Zatsopano monga maginito a neodymium osatentha kwambiri komanso kukhazikika kwa maginito kwatsegula mwayi watsopano, makamaka m'magawo apamwamba kwambiri monga mlengalenga, maloboti, ndi zida zamankhwala. Izi zitha kubweretsa zinthu zabwinoko komanso mapindu okwera.

 

4. Mavuto a Geopolitical ndi Zoletsa Zamalonda

 

Zovuta:

Kusamvana pakati pa mayiko, makamaka pakati pa China ndi maulamuliro ena apadziko lonse lapansi, kwapangitsa kuti pakhale zoletsa zamalonda komanso misonkho pazachuma zopangidwa ku China. Zotsatira zake, mayiko ambiri akufufuza njira zochepetsera kudalira kwawo kwa ogulitsa aku China, makamaka pazinthu zanzeru monga neodymium.

 

Mwayi:

Ngakhale pali zovuta izi, China idakali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi chuma chosowa padziko lapansi komanso kuthekera kopanga. Otsatsa aku China amatha kusintha posintha makasitomala awo ndikupeza misika yatsopano ku Asia, Africa, ndi Latin America. Athanso kugwira ntchito ndi mabungwe ogwirizana ndi mayiko ena kuti apangitse zopanga m'dziko lawo, zomwe zimathandizira kuletsa zoletsa zina zamalonda.

 

5. Kusakhazikika kwa Mtengo ndi Mpikisano wa Msika

 

Zovuta:

Kusakhazikika kwamitengo ya zinthu zapadziko lapansi kungapangitse kusatsimikizika kwa ogulitsa maginito a neodymium. Chifukwa chakuti zinthuzi zimakhudzidwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka msika wapadziko lonse lapansi, mitengo imatha kukwera chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zinthu kapena kufunikira kowonjezereka, zomwe zimakhudza phindu.

 

Mwayi:

Otsatsa ku China atha kuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwamitengo poikapo ndalama pakukhazikika kwa chain chain ndikusaina mapangano anthawi yayitali ndi ochita migodi osowa. Kuphatikiza apo, kupanga matekinoloje opanga zinthu zotsika mtengo kungathandize kusungabe kupikisana kwamitengo. Ndikuyang'ana kwapadziko lonse lapansi pamagetsi oyera ndi magetsi, kukula kwa msika uku kungathe kukhazikika kufunikira ndi magwero a ndalama.

 

6. Yang'anani pa khalidwe ndi chiphaso

 

Zovuta:

Ogula apadziko lonse lapansi amafunikira maginito omwe amakwaniritsa miyezo yapamwamba komanso ziphaso, monga kutsata kwa ISO kapena RoHS. Otsatsa omwe sakwaniritsa miyezo imeneyi akhoza kukhala ndi vuto kukopa makasitomala apadziko lonse lapansi, makamaka omwe ali m'mafakitale apamwamba kwambiri monga magalimoto ndi ndege.

 

Mwayi:

Otsatsa aku China omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kuwongolera bwino ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zapadziko lonse lapansi adzakhala ndi mwayi wopeza gawo lalikulu pamsika. Kupanga njira zolimba zamakampani opanga zinthu komanso mapulogalamu aziphaso zitha kuthandiza ogulitsa kuti akhulupirire makasitomala akunja, kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali.

 

Mapeto

Ngakhale ogulitsa maginito a neodymium ku China akukumana ndi zovuta kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe, kusinthasintha kwamitengo, komanso kusamvana kwapadziko lonse lapansi, alinso okonzeka kupititsa patsogolo kufunikira kwapadziko lonse pazinthu zofunikazi. Mwa kuyika ndalama pakukhazikika, luso, komanso kuwongolera zabwino, ogulitsa aku China atha kupitiliza kutsogolera msika, ngakhale mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi ukukulirakulira. Pamene mafakitale monga magalimoto amagetsi ndi mphamvu zowonjezereka zikukulirakulira, mwayi wokulirapo ndi waukulu, ngati ogulitsa angathe kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zikubwera.