Kedu ihe bụ ihe ndọta dị iche iche?

Magnetism, ike dị mkpa nke okike, na-egosipụta n'ụdị dị iche iche, nke ọ bụla nwere njirimara pụrụ iche nangwa magent. Ịghọta ụdị ihe ndọta dị iche iche dị oke mkpa maka mpaghara dị iche iche, gụnyere physics, injinịa, na teknụzụ. Ka anyị banye n'ime ụwa na-adọrọ adọrọ nke ihe ndọta wee nyochaa njirimara ha, nhazi ọkwa na ojiji ha bara uru.

1. Ihe eji eme Ferromagnetic:

Ferromagnetic ihe na-egosipụta ike namagnetization na-adịgide adịgide, ọbụlagodi na enweghị oghere ndọta dị n'èzí. Ígwè, nickel, na cobalt bụ ihe atụ mara mma nke ihe ferromagnetic. Ihe ndị a nwere oge ndọta n'otu oge na-adakọ n'otu ụzọ ahụ, na-emepụta oghere ndọta siri ike. A na-eji ihe Ferromagnetic eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ngwa dịka ngwaọrụ nchekwa magnetik, igwe eletriki, na ihe ngbanwe n'ihi ihe ndọta ha siri ike.

2. Akụrụngwa Paramagnetic:

Ihe ndị na-ahụ maka paramagnetic na-adọrọ adọrọ nke ọma na mpaghara magnetik ma na-egosipụta ndọta nwa oge mgbe ekpughere ya na mpaghara ndị dị otú ahụ. N'adịghị ka ihe ferromagnetic, ihe paramagnetic anaghị ejide magnetization ozugbo ewepụrụ oghere dị n'èzí. Ihe ndị dị ka aluminom, platinum, na oxygen bụ paramagnetic n'ihi ọnụnọ nke electrons na-ejikọtaghị ọnụ, nke na-adaba na oghere magnetik dị n'èzí ma laghachi na nhazi usoro ozugbo e wepụrụ ubi ahụ. Ngwa paramagnetic na-achọta ngwa n'ime igwe magnetik resonance imaging (MRI), ebe nzaghachi ha na-adịghị ike na mpaghara ndọta bara uru.

3. Ihe eji eme ihe:

Ihe diamagnetic, n'adịghị ka ihe ferromagnetic na paramagnetic, bụ mpaghara ndọta na-achụghachi ya. Mgbe ekpughere ya na oghere magnetik, ihe diamagnetic na-etolite ebe ndọta na-adịghị ike na-emegide, na-eme ka a chụpụ ha pụọ ​​na isi iyi nke ubi ahụ. Ihe atụ a na-ahụkarị nke ihe diamagnetic gụnyere ọla kọpa, bismuth, na mmiri. Ọ bụ ezie na mmetụta diamagnetic adịghị ike ma e jiri ya tụnyere feromagnetism na paramagnetism, ọ nwere mmetụta dị mkpa na mpaghara dịka sayensị ihe na teknụzụ levitation.

4. Ihe eji eme ihe:

Ihe ndị ferrimagnetic na-egosipụta omume magnetik yiri ihe ferromagnetic mana nwere ihe ndọta pụrụ iche. Na ihe ferrimagnetic, akụkụ abụọ nke oge magnetik na-adakọ n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ, na-ebute oge magnetik. Nhazi a na-ebute ndọta na-adịgide adịgide, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-esikarị ike karịa nke ihe ferromagnetic. Ferrites, otu klas nke ihe seramiiki nwere ogige iron oxide, bụ ihe atụ ama ama nke ihe ferrimagnetic. A na-eji ha eme ihe na ngwa elektrọnik, nkwukọrịta, na ngwaọrụ microwave n'ihi akụrụngwa magnetik na eletrik.

5. Ngwa Antiferromagnetic:

Ihe antiferromagnetic na-egosipụta usoro ndọta nke oge ndọta dị n'akụkụ na-emekọ ihe mgbochi na ibe ya, na-ebute ịkagbu oge ndọta n'ozuzu ya. N'ihi ya, ihe antiferromagnetic anaghị egosipụta magnetization macroscopic. Manganese oxide na chromium bụ ihe atụ nke ihe antiferromagnetic. Ọ bụ ezie na ha nwere ike ọ gaghị ahụ ngwa ngwa na teknụzụ magnetik, ihe antiferromagnetic na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa na nyocha dị mkpa na mmepe nke spintronics, ngalaba nke eletrọnịkị nke na-eji ogho electrons.